Azure IoT Hub

Azure IoT Hub MCP Server

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for Azure IoT Hub — device registry, device twins, direct methods, jobs, and messaging.

Scoped to IoT Hub's service-side data plane (device management), not Azure Resource Manager. Microsoft's own official Azure MCP Server already covers the ARM-level "show me my IoT Hub resource" case — this server covers the actual device-management capability that Azure MCP doesn't.

Calls Azure IoT Hub's REST Service API directly via httpx with a hand-rolled SAS token generator, rather than the official azure-iot-hub PyPI package — that package hard-depends on uamqp, a C-extension that fails to build on modern Python/platforms (confirmed: it doesn't install on Python 3.12/arm64). Built with FastMCP.

Tools

Device registry

Tool	Description
list_devices(max_count)	List devices. For filtering, prefer query_devices.
query_devices(query, max_item_count, continuation_token)	IoT Hub SQL-like query over devices/twins, with pagination.
get_device(device_id)	Fetch a device's identity (auth mechanism, status, connection state).
create_device(device_id, auth_type, ..., overwrite=False)	Register a device.
update_device(device_id, status, status_reason, etag)	Update a device's enabled/disabled status.
delete_device(device_id, confirm=False, etag)	Delete a device. Irreversible.

Modules

Tool	Description
list_modules(device_id) / get_module(device_id, module_id)	List/read module identities on a device.
create_module(device_id, module_id, ..., overwrite=False)	Register a module.
delete_module(device_id, module_id, confirm=False)	Delete a module. Irreversible.

Device & module twins

Tool	Description
get_device_twin(device_id) / get_module_twin(device_id, module_id)	Read a twin (tags, desired/reported properties).
update_device_twin(device_id, tags, desired_properties, etag)	Merge-update tags/desired properties.
replace_device_twin(device_id, tags, desired_properties, etag)	Full replace (not merge) of tags/desired properties.
update_module_twin(device_id, module_id, tags, desired_properties, etag)	Merge-update a module twin.

Direct methods

Tool	Description
invoke_device_method(device_id, method_name, payload, ...)	Invoke a direct method on a device (blocks until the device responds or times out).
invoke_module_method(device_id, module_id, method_name, payload, ...)	Same, scoped to a module.

Jobs (fleet-scale operations)

Tool	Description
create_scheduled_job(job_id, job_type, query_condition, ...)	Schedule a twin update or direct method across many devices matching a query.
get_scheduled_job(job_id) / query_scheduled_jobs(job_type, job_status)	Read job status/results.
cancel_scheduled_job(job_id, confirm=False)	Cancel a job.

Messaging

Tool	Description
send_c2d_message(device_id, payload, ...)	Send a cloud-to-device message. AMQP, not REST — see caveat below.
purge_c2d_message_queue(device_id)	Delete all pending C2D messages queued for a device.

Statistics

Tool	Description
get_device_statistics()	Total/enabled/disabled device counts.
get_service_statistics()	Service-level stats (e.g. connected device count).

Important caveat: send_c2d_message is AMQP, not REST, and has no real-instance test coverage

Every other tool in this server wraps a documented REST endpoint. Cloud-to-device message sending is the one exception: Azure IoT Hub's REST API only exposes the feedback side of C2D messaging (delivery receipts); sending is AMQP-protocol-only (confirmed by reading the official azure-iot-hub SDK's source — it hands off to an AMQP client, not an HTTP call).

To support it without pulling in the broken uamqp dependency, send_c2d_message implements the CBS (Claims-Based Security) auth handshake and message send directly against python-qpid-proton (the standard AMQP 1.0 library, confirmed to install cleanly on modern Python). The protocol details (CBS field names, $cbs node, /messages/devicebound target address, to property format) were confirmed from Microsoft's own pure-Python AMQP implementation in azure-eventhub/azure-servicebus, not guessed.

This tool is not covered by real-instance testing. There's no free Azure IoT Hub emulator (see Testing below), and the test suite's respx HTTP mocking can't exercise AMQP at all. Tests instead run this against a local fake AMQP endpoint (also built with qpid-proton) that implements just enough of the CBS handshake and /messages/devicebound receiver to prove the wire protocol is well-formed — it does not validate genuine Azure IoT Hub business logic. Verify against a real hub before relying on this in production.

Safety conventions

Same as the rest of this repo: create_* defaults to overwrite=False (best-effort describe-then-create check — IoT Hub's If-Match header is for optimistic-concurrency on updates, not create-only semantics, so this isn't fully race-free like Ditto's If-None-Match). Every delete_*/cancel_* requires confirm=True.

Configuration

Env var	Required	Description
AZURE_IOT_HUB_CONNECTION_STRING	Yes	An IoT Hub connection string with service (or iothubowner) rights, e.g. HostName=my-hub.azure-devices.net;SharedAccessKeyName=service;SharedAccessKey=.... Find this under your hub's "Shared access policies" in the Azure portal.
AZURE_IOT_HUB_AMQP_PORT	No	Default 5671. Only relevant to send_c2d_message.
AZURE_IOT_HUB_AMQP_USE_TLS	No	true/false, default true. Set false only for local/test endpoints.
AZURE_IOT_HUB_AMQP_HOSTNAME_OVERRIDE	No	Override the AMQP connection target (e.g. a local test fixture) without changing the REST hostname derived from the connection string.

Running locally

uv sync
export AZURE_IOT_HUB_CONNECTION_STRING="HostName=my-hub.azure-devices.net;SharedAccessKeyName=service;SharedAccessKey=..."
uv run azureiothubmcpserver.py

See mcp.json for ready-to-use client configs (stdio and Docker).

Testing

This repo's design principles call for testing against a real instance rather than mocks. Azure IoT Hub has no official local emulator and no moto-equivalent exists for it. REST endpoints are tested with respx (httpx's dedicated mocking library, using realistic Azure response shapes); send_c2d_message is tested against a local fake AMQP endpoint (see caveat above).

uv run pytest -v

License notes

No bundled deployment artifacts here (unlike eclipse-ditto/mqtt) since there's no local broker/service to run — Azure IoT Hub only exists as an Azure-hosted service.