quick-reference

ITSM Quick Reference

Overview

A quick reference card for common ITSM operations in ServiceNow. Keep this handy for fast lookups of state values, priority matrices, and common query patterns.

• What problem does it solve? Quick lookup for common ITSM values and operations
• Who should use this skill? Anyone working with incidents, changes, or problems
• What are the expected outcomes? Faster development with fewer documentation lookups

Prerequisites

• Appropriate roles and table access for the operation being performed
• A confirmed target instance before making changes

Procedure

Incident Operations

Quick Actions

Action	MCP Tool	Key Parameters
List incidents	SN-List-Incidents	query, limit
Create incident	SN-Create-Incident	short_description, caller_id, category
Update incident	SN-Update-Record	table_name: incident, sys_id, data
Get incident	SN-Get-Incident	sys_id
Close incident	SN-Close-Incident	sys_id, resolution_code, resolution_notes
Assign incident	SN-Assign-Incident	sys_id, assigned_to, assignment_group
Add work notes	SN-Add-Work-Notes	sys_id, work_notes
Search incidents	SN-Natural-Language-Search	table: incident, natural language query

Create Incident

Tool: SN-Create-Incident
Parameters:
  short_description: Unable to access email
  description: User reports Outlook not connecting to server
  caller_id: <user_sys_id>
  category: software
  subcategory: email
  impact: 3
  urgency: 3

Close Incident

Tool: SN-Close-Incident
Parameters:
  sys_id: <incident_sys_id>
  resolution_code: Solved (Permanently)
  resolution_notes: Restarted email service and cleared user cache
  close_notes: User confirmed email is working

Assign Incident

Tool: SN-Assign-Incident
Parameters:
  sys_id: <incident_sys_id>
  assigned_to: <user_sys_id>
  assignment_group: <group_sys_id>

State Values

Incident States

Value	Label	Description
1	New	Newly created, not yet triaged
2	In Progress	Work has started
3	On Hold	Waiting for external input
6	Resolved	Solution implemented, pending verification
7	Closed	Verified and closed
8	Canceled	Canceled (not applicable)

Change Request States

Value	Label	Description
-5	New	Draft state
-4	Assess	Assessment phase
-3	Authorize	Awaiting authorization
-2	Scheduled	Approved and scheduled
-1	Implement	Implementation in progress
0	Review	Post-implementation review
3	Closed	Successfully completed
4	Canceled	Change canceled

Problem States

Value	Label	Description
1	New	Newly identified
2	Assess	Under assessment
3	Root Cause Analysis	Investigating root cause
4	Fix in Progress	Working on permanent fix
5	Resolved	Root cause addressed
6	Closed	Verified and closed
7	Canceled	Problem canceled

Change Types

Value	Label	Description
standard	Standard	Pre-approved, low risk
normal	Normal	Requires CAB approval
emergency	Emergency	Expedited approval process

Priority Matrix

Impact x Urgency = Priority

	Urgency 1 (High)	Urgency 2 (Medium)	Urgency 3 (Low)
Impact 1 (High)	Priority 1 (Critical)	Priority 2 (High)	Priority 3 (Moderate)
Impact 2 (Medium)	Priority 2 (High)	Priority 3 (Moderate)	Priority 4 (Low)
Impact 3 (Low)	Priority 3 (Moderate)	Priority 4 (Low)	Priority 5 (Planning)

Priority Values

Value	Label	SLA Target	Description
1	Critical	1 hour	Business critical, widespread impact
2	High	4 hours	Significant business impact
3	Moderate	24 hours	Limited business impact
4	Low	72 hours	Minor inconvenience
5	Planning	No SLA	Future enhancement

Common Encoded Queries

Incident Queries

Description	Encoded Query
Active incidents	active=true
P1 incidents	priority=1
P1 or P2 incidents	priority=1^ORpriority=2
Unassigned incidents	assigned_toISEMPTY
Assigned incidents	assigned_toISNOTEMPTY
Created today	sys_created_onONToday@javascript:gs.beginningOfToday()@javascript:gs.endOfToday()
Created last 7 days	sys_created_on>=javascript:gs.daysAgoStart(7)
New state	state=1
In Progress	state=2
Resolved or Closed	state=6^ORstate=7
Not Closed	state!=7
My incidents	assigned_to=javascript:gs.getUserID()
My team's incidents	assignment_group=<group_sys_id>
Contains text	short_descriptionLIKEnetwork
Starts with	numberSTARTSWITHINC00100
Category is network	category=network
Ordered by priority	ORDERBYpriority
Ordered by created (newest)	ORDERBYDESCsys_created_on

Change Request Queries

Description	Encoded Query
Emergency changes	type=emergency
Normal changes	type=normal
Standard changes	type=standard
Scheduled changes	state=-2
Changes this week	start_dateONThis week@javascript:gs.beginningOfThisWeek()@javascript:gs.endOfThisWeek()
High risk changes	risk=1
Pending approval	state=-3^approval!=approved

Problem Queries

Description	Encoded Query
Open problems	state<6
Root cause analysis	state=3
Known errors	known_error=true
Problems with workaround	workaroundISNOTEMPTY
Related to incidents	related_incidentsISNOTEMPTY

Field Reference

Common Incident Fields

Field	Type	Description
number	String	Auto-generated (INC0010001)
short_description	String	Brief summary (required)
description	String	Detailed description
caller_id	Reference	Reporting user
opened_by	Reference	User who created record
assigned_to	Reference	Assigned technician
assignment_group	Reference	Assigned team
state	Choice	Current state
impact	Choice	Business impact (1-3)
urgency	Choice	Time sensitivity (1-3)
priority	Choice	Calculated priority (1-5)
category	Choice	Incident category
subcategory	Choice	Incident subcategory
work_notes	Journal	Internal notes
comments	Journal	Customer-visible notes
resolution_code	Choice	How resolved
resolution_notes	String	Resolution details
close_code	Choice	Closure reason
close_notes	String	Closure notes
cmdb_ci	Reference	Configuration item

Common Change Fields

Field	Type	Description
number	String	Auto-generated (CHG0010001)
short_description	String	Brief summary
description	String	Detailed description
type	Choice	standard/normal/emergency
state	Choice	Current state
risk	Choice	Risk level (1-4)
impact	Choice	Business impact (1-3)
start_date	DateTime	Planned start
end_date	DateTime	Planned end
requested_by	Reference	Requester
assigned_to	Reference	Change owner
assignment_group	Reference	Owning team
cab_required	Boolean	Needs CAB approval
justification	String	Business justification
implementation_plan	String	Implementation steps
backout_plan	String	Rollback procedure
test_plan	String	Testing steps

Common Problem Fields

Field	Type	Description
number	String	Auto-generated (PRB0010001)
short_description	String	Brief summary
description	String	Detailed description
state	Choice	Current state
priority	Choice	Priority (1-5)
assigned_to	Reference	Problem manager
assignment_group	Reference	Owning team
known_error	Boolean	Is known error
workaround	String	Temporary workaround
cause_notes	String	Root cause
fix_notes	String	Permanent fix
related_incidents	List	Related incidents
cmdb_ci	Reference	Configuration item

Resolution Codes

Incident Resolution Codes

Value	Label
Solved (Work Around)	Temporary fix applied
Solved (Permanently)	Root cause addressed
Solved Remotely (Work Around)	Remote temporary fix
Solved Remotely (Permanently)	Remote permanent fix
Not Solved (Not Reproducible)	Cannot reproduce
Not Solved (Too Costly)	Fix not cost-effective
Closed/Resolved by Caller	User resolved

Close Codes

Value	Label
Solved	Resolved successfully
Closed/Resolved by Caller	User resolved
Not Solved (Not Reproducible)	Cannot reproduce
Closed (Cancelled)	Request withdrawn

Category Reference

Incident Categories

Category	Subcategories
hardware	cpu, disk, keyboard, memory, monitor, mouse
software	email, operating system, application
network	connectivity, dhcp, dns, firewall, vpn
database	db2, ms sql server, oracle
inquiry	request, password reset

MCP Tools Quick Reference

Incident Tools

Tool	Purpose	Required Parameters
SN-List-Incidents	Query incidents	-
SN-Get-Incident	Get single incident	sys_id
SN-Create-Incident	Create incident	short_description
SN-Update-Record	Update incident	table_name, sys_id, data
SN-Close-Incident	Close incident	sys_id, resolution_code
SN-Assign-Incident	Assign incident	sys_id
SN-Add-Work-Notes	Add work notes	sys_id, work_notes
SN-Natural-Language-Search	NL search	table, query

Generic Tools

Tool	Purpose	Required Parameters
SN-Query-Table	Query any table	table_name
SN-Get-Record	Get any record	table_name, sys_id
SN-Create-Record	Create any record	table_name, data
SN-Update-Record	Update any record	table_name, sys_id, data

Common Workflows

Triage New Incident

1. Query: SN-Query-Table(table_name: incident, query: state=1^active=true)
2. Review: Check short_description, category, caller_id
3. Categorize: SN-Update-Record(table_name: incident, sys_id: X, data: {category: network, subcategory: connectivity}, instance: dev)
4. Prioritize: SN-Update-Record(table_name: incident, sys_id: X, data: {impact: 2, urgency: 2}, instance: dev)
5. Assign: SN-Assign-Incident(sys_id: X, assignment_group: <network_team>)

Escalate Incident

1. Update state: SN-Update-Record(table_name: incident, sys_id: X, data: {state: 2}, instance: dev)
2. Add notes: SN-Add-Work-Notes(sys_id: X, work_notes: Escalating to L2 per procedure)
3. Reassign: SN-Assign-Incident(sys_id: X, assignment_group: <l2_team>)

Resolve Incident

1. Resolve: SN-Resolve-Incident(sys_id: X, resolution_code: Solved (Permanently), resolution_notes: Restarted service, instance: dev)
2. Notify: SN-Add-Work-Notes(sys_id: X, work_notes: Resolution confirmed by user)

Close Incident

1. Close: SN-Close-Incident(sys_id: X, resolution_code: Solved (Permanently), resolution_notes: Service restored, close_notes: Verified with user)

REST API Endpoints

Table API

Table	Endpoint
Incident	/api/now/table/incident
Change Request	/api/now/table/change_request
Problem	/api/now/table/problem
Task	/api/now/table/task
User	/api/now/table/sys_user
Group	/api/now/table/sys_user_group
CI	/api/now/table/cmdb_ci

Common Parameters

Parameter	Description	Example
sysparm_query	Encoded query	active=true^priority=1
sysparm_fields	Fields to return	number,short_description,state
sysparm_limit	Max records	100
sysparm_offset	Skip records	50
sysparm_display_value	Display values	all, true, false

Best Practices

• Query and verify records before updating them.
• Prefer the narrowest table, field list, and encoded query that satisfies the task.
• Confirm state and resolution values against the target instance before closing records.

Related Skills

• itsm/incident-lifecycle - Full incident lifecycle management
• itsm/incident-triage - Detailed triage procedures
• itsm/natural-language-queries - Natural language search
• admin/generic-crud-operations - Detailed CRUD operations

References

• ServiceNow ITSM Documentation
• Incident State Flow
• Change Management