abp-infrastructure-patterns

ABP インフラストラクチャパターン

ABP Framework の横断的関心事とインフラストラクチャパターンです。

認可と権限

権限の定義

// Domain.Shared/Permissions/ClinicPermissions.cs
public static class ClinicPermissions
{
    public const string GroupName = "Clinic";

    public static class Patients
    {
        public const string Default = GroupName + ".Patients";
        public const string Create = Default + ".Create";
        public const string Edit = Default + ".Edit";
        public const string Delete = Default + ".Delete";
    }

    public static class Appointments
    {
        public const string Default = GroupName + ".Appointments";
        public const string Create = Default + ".Create";
        public const string Edit = Default + ".Edit";
        public const string Delete = Default + ".Delete";
        public const string ViewAll = Default + ".ViewAll";  // Admins only
    }
}

権限の登録

// Application.Contracts/Permissions/ClinicPermissionDefinitionProvider.cs
public class ClinicPermissionDefinitionProvider : PermissionDefinitionProvider
{
    public override void Define(IPermissionDefinitionContext context)
    {
        var clinicGroup = context.AddGroup(ClinicPermissions.GroupName);

        var patients = clinicGroup.AddPermission(
            ClinicPermissions.Patients.Default,
            L("Permission:Patients"));

        patients.AddChild(ClinicPermissions.Patients.Create, L("Permission:Patients.Create"));
        patients.AddChild(ClinicPermissions.Patients.Edit, L("Permission:Patients.Edit"));
        patients.AddChild(ClinicPermissions.Patients.Delete, L("Permission:Patients.Delete"));

        var appointments = clinicGroup.AddPermission(
            ClinicPermissions.Appointments.Default,
            L("Permission:Appointments"));

        appointments.AddChild(ClinicPermissions.Appointments.Create, L("Permission:Appointments.Create"));
        appointments.AddChild(ClinicPermissions.Appointments.ViewAll, L("Permission:Appointments.ViewAll"));
    }

    private static LocalizableString L(string name)
        => LocalizableString.Create<ClinicResource>(name);
}

権限の使用

// Declarative
[Authorize(ClinicPermissions.Patients.Create)]
public async Task<PatientDto> CreateAsync(CreatePatientDto input) { }

// Imperative
public async Task<AppointmentDto> GetAsync(Guid id)
{
    var appointment = await _appointmentRepository.GetAsync(id);

    if (appointment.DoctorId != CurrentUser.Id)
    {
        await AuthorizationService.CheckAsync(ClinicPermissions.Appointments.ViewAll);
    }

    return _mapper.AppointmentToDto(appointment);
}

// Check without throwing
public async Task<bool> CanCreatePatientAsync()
    => await AuthorizationService.IsGrantedAsync(ClinicPermissions.Patients.Create);

バックグラウンドジョブ

ジョブの定義

public class AppointmentReminderJob : AsyncBackgroundJob<AppointmentReminderArgs>, ITransientDependency
{
    private readonly IRepository<Appointment, Guid> _appointmentRepository;
    private readonly IEmailSender _emailSender;

    public AppointmentReminderJob(
        IRepository<Appointment, Guid> appointmentRepository,
        IEmailSender emailSender)
    {
        _appointmentRepository = appointmentRepository;
        _emailSender = emailSender;
    }

    public override async Task ExecuteAsync(AppointmentReminderArgs args)
    {
        var appointment = await _appointmentRepository.GetAsync(args.AppointmentId);

        await _emailSender.SendAsync(
            appointment.Patient.Email,
            "Appointment Reminder",
            $"You have an appointment on {appointment.AppointmentDate}");
    }
}

public class AppointmentReminderArgs
{
    public Guid AppointmentId { get; set; }
}

ジョブのキューへの登録

public async Task<AppointmentDto> CreateAsync(CreateAppointmentDto input)
{
    var appointment = await _appointmentManager.CreateAsync(/*...*/);

    // Schedule reminder 24 hours before
    var reminderTime = appointment.AppointmentDate.AddHours(-24);

    await _backgroundJobManager.EnqueueAsync(
        new AppointmentReminderArgs { AppointmentId = appointment.Id },
        delay: reminderTime - DateTime.Now);

    return _mapper.AppointmentToDto(appointment);
}

分散イベント

イベントの発行

// From entity (recommended for domain events)
public class Patient : AggregateRoot<Guid>
{
    public void Activate()
    {
        IsActive = true;
        AddDistributedEvent(new PatientActivatedEto
        {
            Id = Id,
            Name = Name,
            Email = Email
        });
    }
}

// From application service
public async Task ActivateAsync(Guid id)
{
    var patient = await _patientRepository.GetAsync(id);
    patient.Activate();

    // Or manually publish:
    await _distributedEventBus.PublishAsync(new PatientActivatedEto
    {
        Id = patient.Id,
        Name = patient.Name,
        Email = patient.Email
    });
}

イベントの処理

public class PatientActivatedEventHandler :
    IDistributedEventHandler<PatientActivatedEto>,
    ITransientDependency
{
    private readonly IEmailSender _emailSender;
    private readonly ILogger<PatientActivatedEventHandler> _logger;

    public PatientActivatedEventHandler(
        IEmailSender emailSender,
        ILogger<PatientActivatedEventHandler> logger)
    {
        _emailSender = emailSender;
        _logger = logger;
    }

    public async Task HandleEventAsync(PatientActivatedEto eventData)
    {
        _logger.LogInformation("Patient activated: {Name}", eventData.Name);

        await _emailSender.SendAsync(
            eventData.Email,
            "Welcome",
            "Your patient account has been activated");
    }
}

堅牢なイベントハンドラー（冪等性＋マルチテナント対応）

public class EntitySyncEventHandler :
    IDistributedEventHandler<EntityUpdatedEto>,
    ITransientDependency
{
    private readonly IRepository<Entity, Guid> _repository;
    private readonly IDataFilter _dataFilter;
    private readonly ILogger<EntitySyncEventHandler> _logger;

    public async Task HandleEventAsync(EntityUpdatedEto eto)
    {
        // Disable tenant filter for cross-tenant sync
        using (_dataFilter.Disable<IMultiTenant>())
        {
            try
            {
                _logger.LogInformation("Processing entity sync: {Id}", eto.Id);

                // Idempotency check
                var existing = await _repository.FirstOrDefaultAsync(
                    x => x.ExternalId == eto.ExternalId);

                if (existing != null)
                {
                    ObjectMapper.Map(eto, existing);
                    await _repository.UpdateAsync(existing);
                }
                else
                {
                    var entity = ObjectMapper.Map<EntityUpdatedEto, Entity>(eto);
                    await _repository.InsertAsync(entity);
                }

                _logger.LogInformation("Entity sync completed: {Id}", eto.Id);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                _logger.LogError(ex, "Entity sync failed: {Id}", eto.Id);
                throw new UserFriendlyException($"Failed to sync entity: {ex.Message}");
            }
        }
    }
}

マルチテナント

テナントをまたぐ操作

public class CrossTenantService : ApplicationService
{
    private readonly IDataFilter _dataFilter;
    private readonly ICurrentTenant _currentTenant;

    public async Task<List<PatientDto>> GetAllTenantsPatients()
    {
        using (_dataFilter.Disable<IMultiTenant>())
        {
            return await _patientRepository.GetListAsync();
        }
    }

    public async Task OperateOnTenant(Guid tenantId)
    {
        using (_currentTenant.Change(tenantId))
        {
            await DoTenantSpecificOperation();
        }
    }
}

テナント固有のデータシード

public async Task SeedAsync(DataSeedContext context)
{
    if (context.TenantId.HasValue)
        await SeedTenantDataAsync(context.TenantId.Value);
    else
        await SeedHostDataAsync();
}

モジュールの構成

[DependsOn(
    typeof(ClinicDomainModule),
    typeof(AbpIdentityDomainModule),
    typeof(AbpPermissionManagementDomainModule))]
public class ClinicApplicationModule : AbpModule
{
    public override void PreConfigureServices(ServiceConfigurationContext context)
    {
        PreConfigure<AbpIdentityOptions>(options =>
        {
            options.ExternalLoginProviders.Add<GoogleExternalLoginProvider>();
        });
    }

    public override void ConfigureServices(ServiceConfigurationContext context)
    {
        Configure<AbpDistributedCacheOptions>(options =>
        {
            options.KeyPrefix = "Clinic:";
        });

        context.Services.AddTransient<IPatientAppService, PatientAppService>();
        context.Services.AddSingleton<ClinicApplicationMappers>();
    }

    public override void OnApplicationInitialization(ApplicationInitializationContext context)
    {
        var app = context.GetApplicationBuilder();
        var env = context.GetEnvironment();

        if (env.IsDevelopment())
            app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
    }
}

オブジェクトの拡張

public static class ClinicModuleExtensionConfigurator
{
    public static void Configure()
    {
        ObjectExtensionManager.Instance.Modules()
            .ConfigureIdentity(identity =>
            {
                identity.ConfigureUser(user =>
                {
                    user.AddOrUpdateProperty<string>(
                        "Title",
                        property =>
                        {
                            property.Attributes.Add(new StringLengthAttribute(64));
                        });
                });
            });
    }
}

ベストプラクティス

1. 権限 - 階層的に定義します（Parent.Child パターン）。
2. バックグラウンドジョブ - 長時間かかるタスクや遅延タスクに使用します。
3. 分散イベント - モジュール間の疎結合に使用します。
4. 冪等性 - イベントハンドラーでは、挿入前に既存データがないか確認します。
5. マルチテナント - IDataFilter.Disable<IMultiTenant>() は必要最小限に使用します。
6. モジュールの依存関係 - すべての依存関係を明示的に宣言します。

関連するスキル

• abp-entity-patterns - ドメイン層のパターン
• abp-service-patterns - アプリケーション層のパターン
• openiddict-authorization - OAuth の実装
• distributed-events-advanced - 高度なイベントパターン