mcpField
E
elasticsearch

elasticsearch

github.com/chatermデータ・データベース5956 回インストール34 週間前に更新
リポジトリ

elasticsearch について

Elasticsearch の管理・運用向けスキルです。クラスタ状態、インデックスやドキュメントの操作、クエリ DSL、トラブルシューティングを curl の例とともに扱います。

主な機能

  1. 01クラスタの健全性と状態の確認
  2. 02インデックスの作成と設定変更
  3. 03ドキュメントの CRUD 操作
  4. 04クエリと集計 DSL の作成
  5. 05スナップショットのバックアップと復元
  6. 06クラスタやクエリの問題調査

活用シーン

  1. 01クラスタの健全性とシャード割り当ての確認
  2. 02インデックス作成と設定調整
  3. 03データの再インデックスやシャード移行
  4. 04遅いクエリやリソース問題の調査

インストール

コマンドをコピーしてターミナルで実行します。

$npx skills add https://github.com/chaterm/terminal-skills --skill elasticsearch

インストール後、Claude Code で/elasticsearchを入力して読み込まれたか確認します。

詳細

プロジェクトの README より

Elasticsearch 集群管理

概述

Elasticsearch 索引管理、查询 DSL、集群运维等技能。

集群管理

集群状态
# 集群健康
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cluster/health?pretty"

# 集群状态
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cluster/state?pretty"

# 集群统计
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cluster/stats?pretty"

# 节点信息
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_nodes?pretty"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_nodes/stats?pretty"

# 分片分配
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/shards?v"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/allocation?v"
Cat API
# 常用 cat 命令
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/health?v"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/shards?v"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/segments?v"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/count?v"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/recovery?v"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/thread_pool?v"

索引管理

索引操作
# 创建索引
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/my_index" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 3,
    "number_of_replicas": 1
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "title": { "type": "text" },
      "content": { "type": "text" },
      "timestamp": { "type": "date" },
      "status": { "type": "keyword" }
    }
  }
}'

# 删除索引
curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/my_index"

# 查看索引
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index?pretty"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_mapping?pretty"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_settings?pretty"

# 索引别名
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/_aliases" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "actions": [
    { "add": { "index": "my_index_v2", "alias": "my_index" } },
    { "remove": { "index": "my_index_v1", "alias": "my_index" } }
  ]
}'
索引设置
# 修改设置
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/my_index/_settings" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "index": {
    "number_of_replicas": 2
  }
}'

# 关闭/打开索引
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/my_index/_close"
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/my_index/_open"

# 刷新索引
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/my_index/_refresh"

# 强制合并
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/my_index/_forcemerge?max_num_segments=1"

文档操作

CRUD
# 创建文档
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/my_index/_doc" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "title": "Hello World",
  "content": "This is a test document",
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:00:00"
}'

# 指定 ID 创建
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/my_index/_doc/1" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "title": "Document 1"
}'

# 获取文档
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_doc/1?pretty"

# 更新文档
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/my_index/_update/1" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "doc": {
    "title": "Updated Title"
  }
}'

# 删除文档
curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/my_index/_doc/1"

# 批量操作
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/_bulk" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{"index":{"_index":"my_index","_id":"1"}}
{"title":"Doc 1"}
{"index":{"_index":"my_index","_id":"2"}}
{"title":"Doc 2"}
'

查询 DSL

基础查询
# 匹配所有
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} }
}'

# 全文搜索
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "content": "search text"
    }
  }
}'

# 精确匹配
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "status": "published"
    }
  }
}'

# 范围查询
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "range": {
      "timestamp": {
        "gte": "2024-01-01",
        "lte": "2024-01-31"
      }
    }
  }
}'
复合查询
# Bool 查询
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        { "match": { "title": "elasticsearch" } }
      ],
      "filter": [
        { "term": { "status": "published" } },
        { "range": { "timestamp": { "gte": "2024-01-01" } } }
      ],
      "should": [
        { "match": { "content": "tutorial" } }
      ],
      "must_not": [
        { "term": { "status": "draft" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}'
聚合查询
# 聚合
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/my_index/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "status_count": {
      "terms": { "field": "status" }
    },
    "avg_score": {
      "avg": { "field": "score" }
    },
    "date_histogram": {
      "date_histogram": {
        "field": "timestamp",
        "calendar_interval": "day"
      }
    }
  }
}'

备份与恢复

# 注册快照仓库
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "type": "fs",
  "settings": {
    "location": "/backup/elasticsearch"
  }
}'

# 创建快照
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1?wait_for_completion=true"

# 查看快照
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/_all?pretty"

# 恢复快照
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1/_restore" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "indices": "my_index",
  "rename_pattern": "(.+)",
  "rename_replacement": "restored_$1"
}'

# 删除快照
curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1"

常见场景

场景 1：重建索引
# Reindex
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/_reindex" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "source": { "index": "old_index" },
  "dest": { "index": "new_index" }
}'

# 带查询条件
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/_reindex" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "source": {
    "index": "old_index",
    "query": { "term": { "status": "active" } }
  },
  "dest": { "index": "new_index" }
}'
场景 2：分片迁移
# 排除节点
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_cluster/settings" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "transient": {
    "cluster.routing.allocation.exclude._name": "node_to_remove"
  }
}'

# 取消排除
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/_cluster/settings" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "transient": {
    "cluster.routing.allocation.exclude._name": null
  }
}'
场景 3：性能优化
# 禁用刷新（批量导入时）
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/my_index/_settings" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "index": { "refresh_interval": "-1" }
}'

# 恢复刷新
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/my_index/_settings" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "index": { "refresh_interval": "1s" }
}'

故障排查

问题排查方法
集群 RED_cluster/health, _cat/shards
分片未分配_cluster/allocation/explain
查询慢_nodes/hot_threads, Profile API
磁盘满_cat/allocation, 清理旧索引
内存不足_nodes/stats, 调整 JVM
# 分片未分配原因
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cluster/allocation/explain?pretty"

# 热点线程
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_nodes/hot_threads"

# 任务列表
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_tasks?detailed=true&actions=*search"

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