near-cli-rs

スキル：near-cli-rs — AI エージェント向け NEAR Protocol CLI リファレンス

目的： このファイルは、非対話型の near コマンドを生成する LLM 向けです。ユーザーのリクエストが CLI 操作に該当する場合は、ここで正しい構文を確認し、完全なワンライナーを作成して、実行前にユーザーの承認を得てください。

ルール： near から最後のアクショントークン（send、display、now、create など）まで、常に完全なコマンドを作成してください。network-config <NETWORK> は省略しないでください。

バージョン： near-cli-rs v0.14+（v0.30.x、2026-09 までテスト済み）

ソース： near/near-cli-rs · リリース · docs.near.org/tools/cli

v0.24 以降の変更点（v0.25–v0.30.x）

新しい CLI バージョンでは、コマンドを生成する際に把握しておくべき動作の変更があります。

• Gas キー（nearcore 2.13+）：トランザクションに Gas キーで署名できます。署名時に nonce_index の選択を求められます。near transaction sign-message も Gas キーによる署名をサポートしています。
• 耐量子鍵（ドラフト）：v0.28+ では ML-DSA-65 鍵を生成できます（ml-dsa-65: 鍵形式）。公開鍵の表示には ml-dsa-65-hash が含まれます。実験的な機能のため、通常は ed25519 を使用してください。
• 削除済み： 単独の generate-keypair コマンド（代わりに、ローカルで生成した鍵を使って account import-account を使用してください）。
• 新しいコマンド： tokens send-ft-call（tokens サブコマンドの ft_transfer_call）；account import-account は既存のアカウントに対して非対話型で実行できます；contract state-init はデプロイ時に新しいコントラクトの状態を初期化します。
• デフォルトの変更： 関数呼び出しの Gas 上限が 1000 TGas に更新されました；コントラクト単位の FT 一覧表示が改善されました（ハードコードされた一覧だけでなく、アカウント内のすべてのコントラクトの FT を表示します）。
• グローバルハッシュによるデプロイは再試行に安全です；account delete-account の前に受益者アカウントが検証されます。

お使いの CLI バージョンとここで生成したコマンドの構文が異なる場合は、near --help または near <group> <subcommand> --help で正確な構文を確認してください。

---

コマンド文法

near [GLOBAL_FLAGS] <COMMAND_GROUP> [ENTITY_ARGS] <SUBCOMMAND> [SUB_ARGS] network-config <NETWORK> [SIGNING_OPTION] [FINAL_ACTION]

• ビューコマンドの末尾：now | at-block-height <N> | at-block-hash <HASH>
• トランザクションコマンドの末尾：署名オプションの後に send または display
• フォーセット経由のアカウント作成の末尾：create
• network-config キーワードは（ビューコマンドでも）常に必須です

---

グローバルフラグ

フラグ	効果
--offline	ネットワークにアクセスせずにトランザクションを作成／署名します
--quiet	進行状況の出力を抑制します（スクリプトでの使用を推奨）
--teach-me	すべての RPC 呼び出しとそのパラメーターを表示します

---

ネットワークとビュー修飾子

項目	値
組み込みネットワーク	mainnet、testnet
カスタムネットワーク	near config show-connections に表示される任意の <connection-name>
ビュー：最新ブロック	now
ビュー：指定した高さ	at-block-height <BLOCK_HEIGHT>
ビュー：指定したハッシュ	at-block-hash <BLOCK_HASH>

---

金額とガスの形式

資産	形式	備考
NEAR	'1 NEAR' または '0.5 NEAR'	引用符で囲み、単位の前にスペースを入れます
yoctoNEAR	'1 yoctoNEAR'	多くのコントラクト呼び出しで必要なデポジット
Gas	'30 Tgas' から '300 Tgas'	デフォルトは '100 Tgas'、最大は '300 Tgas'
FT amount	'10 usn'	数値 + FT シンボルを引用符で囲みます
FT all	all	残高全額を送金します

---

署名オプションのリファレンス

任意のトランザクションコマンドで <SIGNING_OPTION> を以下のいずれかに置き換えます。

オプション	完全な構文
OS キーチェーン（推奨）	sign-with-keychain send
レガシーキーチェーン（~/.near-credentials/）	sign-with-legacy-keychain send
Ledger ハードウェアウォレット	sign-with-ledger send
プレーンテキストの秘密鍵	sign-with-plaintext-private-key --signer-public-key ed25519:<PUBKEY> --signer-private-key ed25519:<PRIVKEY> send
アクセスキーファイル	sign-with-access-key-file /path/to/key.json send
シードフレーズ	sign-with-seed-phrase 'word1 ... word12' --seed-phrase-hd-path 'm/44'"'"'/397'"'"'/0'"'"'' send
MPC	sign-with-mpc send
署名なしのトランザクションを生成（後で署名）	sign-later

署名済みトランザクションをブロードキャストせずに Base64 で出力するには、send を display に置き換えます。

---

account コマンド

view-account-summary

# Current block
near account view-account-summary <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> now

# Specific block height
near account view-account-summary <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> at-block-height <BLOCK_HEIGHT>

# Specific block hash
near account view-account-summary <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> at-block-hash <BLOCK_HASH>

import-account

# Using seed phrase (non-interactive)
near account import-account using-seed-phrase '<SEED_PHRASE>' --seed-phrase-hd-path 'm/44'"'"'/397'"'"'/0'"'"'' network-config <NETWORK>

# Using private key
near account import-account using-private-key ed25519:<PRIVATE_KEY> network-config <NETWORK>

# NOTE: using-web-wallet requires a browser redirect — not suitable for non-interactive use

export-account

# Export as seed phrase
near account export-account <ACCOUNT_ID> using-seed-phrase network-config <NETWORK>

# Export as private key
near account export-account <ACCOUNT_ID> using-private-key network-config <NETWORK>

create-account

# Testnet faucet (testnet only) — autogenerate keypair
near account create-account sponsor-by-faucet-service <NEW_ACCOUNT_ID> autogenerate-new-keypair save-to-keychain network-config testnet create

# Testnet faucet — use known seed phrase
near account create-account sponsor-by-faucet-service <NEW_ACCOUNT_ID> use-manually-provided-seed-phrase '<SEED_PHRASE>' network-config testnet create

# Testnet faucet — use known public key
near account create-account sponsor-by-faucet-service <NEW_ACCOUNT_ID> use-manually-provided-public-key ed25519:<PUBKEY> network-config testnet create

# Fund-myself: create sub-account (signer is implicit from keychain)
near account create-account fund-myself <NEW_ACCOUNT_ID> '<INITIAL_BALANCE>' autogenerate-new-keypair save-to-keychain sign-as network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Fund-myself: create account specifying explicit signer
near account create-account fund-myself <NEW_ACCOUNT_ID> '<INITIAL_BALANCE>' autogenerate-new-keypair save-to-keychain sign-as <SIGNER_ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Fund-myself: use known seed phrase for new account
near account create-account fund-myself <NEW_ACCOUNT_ID> '<INITIAL_BALANCE>' use-manually-provided-seed-phrase '<SEED_PHRASE>' sign-as <SIGNER_ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Fund-myself: use known public key for new account
near account create-account fund-myself <NEW_ACCOUNT_ID> '<INITIAL_BALANCE>' use-manually-provided-public-key ed25519:<PUBKEY> sign-as <SIGNER_ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

delete-account

near account delete-account <ACCOUNT_ID> beneficiary <BENEFICIARY_ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

list-keys

near account list-keys <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> now

get-public-key

# From seed phrase
near account get-public-key from-seed-phrase '<SEED_PHRASE>' --seed-phrase-hd-path "m/44'/397'/0'"

# From plaintext private key
near account get-public-key from-plaintext-private-key ed25519:<PRIVATE_KEY>

# From OS keychain
near account get-public-key from-keychain <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK>

# From legacy keychain
near account get-public-key from-legacy-keychain <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK>

# From Ledger (requires 5-component path)
near account get-public-key from-ledger --seed-phrase-hd-path "m/44'/397'/0'/0'/1'"

add-key

# Add full-access key (provide existing public key)
near account add-key <ACCOUNT_ID> grant-full-access use-manually-provided-public-key ed25519:<PUBKEY> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Add function-call-only key (autogenerate keypair)
near account add-key <ACCOUNT_ID> grant-function-call-access --allowance '<ALLOWANCE>' --contract-account-id <CONTRACT_ID> --function-names '<METHOD1>, <METHOD2>' autogenerate-new-keypair save-to-keychain network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Add function-call-only key (allow all methods on contract)
near account add-key <ACCOUNT_ID> grant-function-call-access --allowance '<ALLOWANCE>' --contract-account-id <CONTRACT_ID> --function-names '' use-manually-provided-public-key ed25519:<PUBKEY> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

delete-keys

near account delete-keys <ACCOUNT_ID> public-keys ed25519:<PUBKEY> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

manage-storage-deposit

# View storage balance
near account manage-storage-deposit <CONTRACT_ID> view-balance <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> now

# Deposit storage
near account manage-storage-deposit <CONTRACT_ID> deposit <ACCOUNT_ID> '<AMOUNT>' sign-as <SIGNER_ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Withdraw from storage
near account manage-storage-deposit <CONTRACT_ID> withdraw '<AMOUNT>' sign-as <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

update-social-profile

# Update profile with JSON args
near account update-social-profile <ACCOUNT_ID> json-args '{"name":"<NAME>","image":{"ipfs_cid":"<CID>"}}' sign-as <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Update profile from file
near account update-social-profile <ACCOUNT_ID> file-args /path/to/profile.json sign-as <ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

---

tokens コマンド

view-near-balance

near tokens <ACCOUNT_ID> view-near-balance network-config <NETWORK> now

view-ft-balance

near tokens <ACCOUNT_ID> view-ft-balance <FT_CONTRACT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> now

view-nft-assets

near tokens <ACCOUNT_ID> view-nft-assets <NFT_CONTRACT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> now

send-near

near tokens <SENDER_ACCOUNT_ID> send-near <RECEIVER_ACCOUNT_ID> '<AMOUNT>' network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

send-ft

# Send specific amount
near tokens <SENDER_ACCOUNT_ID> send-ft <FT_CONTRACT_ID> <RECEIVER_ACCOUNT_ID> '<AMOUNT>' memo '<MEMO>' network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Send all tokens (with optional custom gas/deposit)
near tokens <SENDER_ACCOUNT_ID> send-ft <FT_CONTRACT_ID> <RECEIVER_ACCOUNT_ID> all memo '' --prepaid-gas '300.0 Tgas' --attached-deposit '1 yoctoNEAR' network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

注：デフォルトの prepaid-gas は '100.0 Tgas'、attached-deposit は '1 yoctoNEAR' です。

send-nft

near tokens <SENDER_ACCOUNT_ID> send-nft <NFT_CONTRACT_ID> <RECEIVER_ACCOUNT_ID> <TOKEN_ID> --prepaid-gas '300.0 Tgas' --attached-deposit '1 yoctoNEAR' network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

---

staking コマンド

validator-list

near staking validator-list network-config <NETWORK>

delegation

# View delegated stake balance
near staking delegation <ACCOUNT_ID> view-balance <POOL_ID> network-config <NETWORK> now

# Deposit and stake (send NEAR to pool and immediately stake)
near staking delegation <ACCOUNT_ID> deposit-and-stake '<AMOUNT>' <POOL_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Stake previously deposited tokens
near staking delegation <ACCOUNT_ID> stake '<AMOUNT>' <POOL_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Stake all previously deposited or unstaked tokens
near staking delegation <ACCOUNT_ID> stake-all <POOL_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Unstake a specific amount
near staking delegation <ACCOUNT_ID> unstake '<AMOUNT>' <POOL_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Unstake everything
near staking delegation <ACCOUNT_ID> unstake-all <POOL_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Withdraw a specific amount (after unstaking + ~2 epoch wait)
near staking delegation <ACCOUNT_ID> withdraw '<AMOUNT>' <POOL_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Withdraw all available unstaked tokens
near staking delegation <ACCOUNT_ID> withdraw-all <POOL_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

注： ステーキング解除した資金を引き出せるようになるまで、約 2 エポック（約 48 時間）かかります。

---

contract コマンド

call-function（参照／読み取り専用）

# With JSON args
near contract call-function as-read-only <CONTRACT_ID> <METHOD_NAME> json-args '{"key":"value"}' network-config <NETWORK> now

# With empty args
near contract call-function as-read-only <CONTRACT_ID> <METHOD_NAME> empty-args network-config <NETWORK> now

# With text args
near contract call-function as-read-only <CONTRACT_ID> <METHOD_NAME> text-args '<STRING>' network-config <NETWORK> now

# With base64 args
near contract call-function as-read-only <CONTRACT_ID> <METHOD_NAME> base64-args '<BASE64>' network-config <NETWORK> now

call-function（トランザクション／状態変更）

# With JSON args
near contract call-function as-transaction <CONTRACT_ID> <METHOD_NAME> json-args '{"key":"value"}' prepaid-gas '<GAS>' attached-deposit '<DEPOSIT>' sign-as <SIGNER_ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# With empty args
near contract call-function as-transaction <CONTRACT_ID> <METHOD_NAME> empty-args prepaid-gas '<GAS>' attached-deposit '<DEPOSIT>' sign-as <SIGNER_ACCOUNT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

deploy

# Deploy without init call
near contract deploy <ACCOUNT_ID> use-file /path/to/contract.wasm without-init-call network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

# Deploy with init call
near contract deploy <ACCOUNT_ID> use-file /path/to/contract.wasm with-init-call <INIT_METHOD> json-args '{}' prepaid-gas '100 Tgas' attached-deposit '0 NEAR' network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

inspect

near contract inspect <CONTRACT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> now

verify

near contract verify deployed-at <CONTRACT_ID> network-config <NETWORK> now

download-abi

near contract download-abi <CONTRACT_ID> save-to-file <OUTPUT_FILE_PATH> network-config <NETWORK> now

download-wasm

near contract download-wasm <CONTRACT_ID> save-to-file <OUTPUT_FILE_PATH> network-config <NETWORK> now

view-storage

# View all storage as JSON
near contract view-storage <CONTRACT_ID> all as-json network-config <NETWORK> now

# View storage filtered by key prefix (string)
near contract view-storage <CONTRACT_ID> keys-start-with-string '<PREFIX>' as-json network-config <NETWORK> now

# View storage filtered by key prefix (base64)
near contract view-storage <CONTRACT_ID> keys-start-with-bytes-as-base64 '<BASE64_PREFIX>' as-json network-config <NETWORK> now

---

transaction コマンド

view-status

near transaction view-status <TX_HASH> network-config <NETWORK>

reconstruct-transaction

near transaction reconstruct-transaction <TX_HASH> network-config <NETWORK>

sign-transaction

near transaction sign-transaction '<UNSIGNED_TX_BASE64>' network-config <NETWORK> sign-with-keychain send

send-signed-transaction

near transaction send-signed-transaction '<SIGNED_TX_BASE64>' network-config <NETWORK>

print-transaction

# Print signed transaction fields
near transaction print-transaction signed '<SIGNED_TX_BASE64>'

# Print unsigned transaction fields
near transaction print-transaction unsigned '<UNSIGNED_TX_BASE64>'

send-meta-transaction

near transaction send-meta-transaction '<SIGNED_DELEGATE_BASE64>' network-config <NETWORK>

---

config コマンド

show-connections

near config show-connections

add-connection

near config add-connection --network-name <NETWORK_NAME> --connection-name <CONNECTION_NAME> --rpc-url <RPC_URL> --wallet-url <WALLET_URL> --explorer-transaction-url <EXPLORER_TX_URL> [--rpc-api-key '<API_KEY>'] [--linkdrop-account-id <LINKDROP_ID>] [--faucet-url <FAUCET_URL>] [--meta-transaction-relayer-url <RELAYER_URL>]

delete-connection

near config delete-connection <CONNECTION_NAME>

---

よくあるパターン（クックブック）

最もよく使うタスクのクイックリファレンスです。プレースホルダーを実際の値に置き換えてください。

1. NEAR の残高を確認する

near tokens alice.near view-near-balance network-config mainnet now

2. NEAR トークンを送金する

near tokens alice.near send-near bob.near '5 NEAR' network-config mainnet sign-with-keychain send

3. アカウントの詳細を表示する

near account view-account-summary alice.near network-config mainnet now

4. アクセスキーを一覧表示する

near account list-keys alice.near network-config mainnet now

5. 代替可能トークンを送信する

near tokens alice.near send-ft usdt.tether-token.near bob.near '10 USDT' memo '' network-config mainnet sign-with-keychain send

6. FT の残高を表示する

near tokens alice.near view-ft-balance usdt.tether-token.near network-config mainnet now

7. 読み取り専用のコントラクトメソッドを呼び出す

near contract call-function as-read-only wrap.near ft_balance_of json-args '{"account_id":"alice.near"}' network-config mainnet now

8. 状態を変更するコントラクトメソッドを呼び出す

near contract call-function as-transaction wrap.near ft_transfer json-args '{"receiver_id":"bob.near","amount":"1000000000000000000000000"}' prepaid-gas '100 Tgas' attached-deposit '1 yoctoNEAR' sign-as alice.near network-config mainnet sign-with-keychain send

9. バリデーターに NEAR をステーキングする

near staking delegation alice.near deposit-and-stake '10 NEAR' aurora.pool.near network-config mainnet sign-with-keychain send

10. バリデーターからステーキングを解除する

near staking delegation alice.near unstake-all aurora.pool.near network-config mainnet sign-with-keychain send

11. ステーキング解除済みの NEAR を引き出す（約2エポック待機後）

near staking delegation alice.near withdraw-all aurora.pool.near network-config mainnet sign-with-keychain send

12. テストネットアカウントを作成する（フォーセットから資金を受け取る）

near account create-account sponsor-by-faucet-service myaccount.testnet autogenerate-new-keypair save-to-keychain network-config testnet create

13. サブアカウントを作成する（自己資金を使用）

near account create-account fund-myself sub.alice.testnet '1 NEAR' autogenerate-new-keypair save-to-keychain sign-as alice.testnet network-config testnet sign-with-keychain send

14. コントラクトをデプロイする

near contract deploy mycontract.testnet use-file ./contract.wasm without-init-call network-config testnet sign-with-keychain send

15. アクセスキーを削除する

near account delete-keys alice.testnet public-keys ed25519:<PUBKEY_TO_REMOVE> network-config testnet sign-with-keychain send

16. フルアクセスキーを追加する

near account add-key alice.testnet grant-full-access use-manually-provided-public-key ed25519:<NEW_PUBKEY> network-config testnet sign-with-keychain send

---

オフラインモードとスクリプトのヒント

オフライン署名のワークフロー（エアギャップ環境／2台のマシン）

# Machine A (offline): produce signed tx in base64 without broadcasting
near --offline tokens alice.near send-near bob.near '1 NEAR' network-config mainnet sign-with-seed-phrase '<SEED_PHRASE>' --seed-phrase-hd-path 'm/44'"'"'/397'"'"'/0'"'"'' display

# Machine B (online): broadcast the base64 tx
near transaction send-signed-transaction '<SIGNED_TX_BASE64>' network-config mainnet

後で署名するワークフロー

# Step 1: produce unsigned base64 tx
near tokens alice.near send-near bob.near '1 NEAR' network-config mainnet sign-later

# Step 2: sign it (outputs signed base64)
near transaction sign-transaction '<UNSIGNED_TX_BASE64>' network-config mainnet sign-with-keychain display

# Step 3: broadcast
near transaction send-signed-transaction '<SIGNED_TX_BASE64>' network-config mainnet

スクリプトのヒント

• スクリプトで進行状況の出力を抑制するには、常に --quiet を追加してください
• 金額は常に引用符で囲んでください：'1 NEAR'、'0.5 NEAR'、'1 yoctoNEAR'
• シードフレーズの HD パスをシェルでエスケープする場合：'m/44'"'"'/397'"'"'/0'"'"''
• ブロードキャスト前に署名済みトランザクションを確認するには、send ではなく display を使用してください

---

キー形式リファレンス

項目	形式	例
公開鍵	ed25519:<BASE58>	ed25519:8h7kFK4...
秘密鍵	ed25519:<BASE58>	ed25519:2qM8v3N...
トランザクションハッシュ	44文字の base58	F3eZmht...
名前付きアカウント	name.near / name.testnet	alice.near
暗黙的アカウント	64文字の小文字の16進数	a4b05ef3...
標準 HD パス	m/44'/397'/0'	NEAR BIP44
Ledger HD パス	m/44'/397'/0'/0'/N'	Ledger では5要素が必須
PQ 公開鍵（v0.28+、ドラフト）	ml-dsa-65:<BASE58>	耐量子鍵。実験的機能

---

よくあるエラー

エラー	考えられる原因／対処法
"Account does not exist"	ネットワークが間違っているか、アカウントにまだ資金がありません
"Access key not found"	sign-with-legacy-keychain または sign-with-seed-phrase を使用してください
"Exceeded prepaid gas"	ガスを増やしてください：'300 Tgas'
FT transfer fails silently	FT の ft_transfer には attached-deposit '1 yoctoNEAR' が必要です
"Method not found"	near contract inspect でメソッド名を確認してください
Seed phrase HD path error	シングルクォートをエスケープしてください：'m/44'"'"'/397'"'"'/0'"'"''