ha-automations

Home Assistant 自动化

何时使用此技能

在以下情况下使用此技能……	在以下情况下改用 ha-configuration……
创建自动化规则	编辑 configuration.yaml
编写触发器/条件/操作	设置集成
使用脚本和场景	管理机密
使用蓝图	组织包
设置设备触发器	常规 YAML 配置

自动化结构

automation:
  - id: "unique_automation_id"
    alias: "Descriptive Name"
    description: "What this automation does"
    mode: single  # single, restart, queued, parallel

    trigger:
      - platform: state
        entity_id: binary_sensor.motion
        to: "on"

    condition:
      - condition: time
        after: "08:00:00"
        before: "22:00:00"

    action:
      - service: light.turn_on
        target:
          entity_id: light.living_room

触发器类型

状态触发器

trigger:
  # Basic state change
  - platform: state
    entity_id: binary_sensor.door
    to: "on"
    from: "off"

  # With duration
  - platform: state
    entity_id: binary_sensor.motion
    to: "off"
    for:
      minutes: 5

  # Attribute change
  - platform: state
    entity_id: climate.thermostat
    attribute: current_temperature

时间触发器

trigger:
  # Specific time
  - platform: time
    at: "07:00:00"

  # Input datetime
  - platform: time
    at: input_datetime.alarm_time

  # Time pattern (every hour)
  - platform: time_pattern
    hours: "*"
    minutes: 0
    seconds: 0

  # Every 15 minutes
  - platform: time_pattern
    minutes: "/15"

其他触发器类型（数值状态、日照、设备、事件、webhook、模板、区域）请参阅 REFERENCE.md。

条件类型

状态条件

condition:
  # Single entity
  - condition: state
    entity_id: binary_sensor.door
    state: "off"

  # Multiple states allowed
  - condition: state
    entity_id: alarm_control_panel.home
    state:
      - armed_home
      - armed_away

  # Check for duration
  - condition: state
    entity_id: binary_sensor.motion
    state: "off"
    for:
      minutes: 10

时间条件

condition:
  # Time range
  - condition: time
    after: "08:00:00"
    before: "22:00:00"

  # Weekdays only
  - condition: time
    weekday:
      - mon
      - tue
      - wed
      - thu
      - fri

  # Combined
  - condition: time
    after: "09:00:00"
    before: "17:00:00"
    weekday:
      - mon
      - tue
      - wed
      - thu
      - fri

其他条件类型（数值状态、日照、模板、区域、逻辑、简写）请参阅 REFERENCE.md。

操作类型

服务调用

action:
  # Basic service call
  - service: light.turn_on
    target:
      entity_id: light.living_room
    data:
      brightness_pct: 80
      color_temp: 350

  # Multiple targets
  - service: light.turn_off
    target:
      entity_id:
        - light.bedroom
        - light.bathroom
      area_id: upstairs

延迟和等待

action:
  - service: light.turn_on
    target:
      entity_id: light.living_room

  # Fixed delay
  - delay:
      seconds: 30

  # Wait for trigger
  - wait_for_trigger:
      - platform: state
        entity_id: binary_sensor.motion
        to: "off"
    timeout:
      minutes: 5
    continue_on_timeout: true

  # Wait for template
  - wait_template: "{{ is_state('light.bedroom', 'off') }}"
    timeout: "00:05:00"

If/Then/Else（现代写法）

action:
  - if:
      - condition: state
        entity_id: binary_sensor.motion
        state: "on"
    then:
      - service: light.turn_on
        target:
          entity_id: light.hallway
    else:
      - service: light.turn_off
        target:
          entity_id: light.hallway

有关高级操作模式（choose、repeat、变量、并行执行）、脚本、场景和常见自动化模式，请参阅 REFERENCE.md。

自动化模式

模式	行为
single	运行期间忽略新的触发器
restart	停止当前运行，然后启动新的运行
queued	最多将 max 次运行加入队列
parallel	最多并行运行 max 次

automation:
  - alias: "Motion Light"
    mode: restart
    max: 10  # For queued/parallel
    max_exceeded: silent  # silent, warning, error

Agent 优化

上下文	命令
查找自动化	grep -r "alias:" config/automations.yaml
查找触发器	grep -r "platform: state" config/ --include="*.yaml"
列出脚本	grep -r "^ [a-z_]*:" config/scripts.yaml
查找场景	grep -r "^ - name:" config/scenes.yaml
检查自动化 ID	grep -r "^ - id:" config/automations.yaml