home-assistant

Home Assistant

通过 Home Assistant 的 REST API 和 Webhook 控制智能家居。

设置

选项 1：配置文件（推荐）

创建 ~/.config/home-assistant/config.json：

{
  "url": "https://your-ha-instance.duckdns.org",
  "token": "your-long-lived-access-token"
}

选项 2：环境变量

export HA_URL="http://homeassistant.local:8123"
export HA_TOKEN="your-long-lived-access-token"

获取长期访问令牌

1. 打开 Home Assistant → 配置文件（左下角）
2. 向下滚动到“长期访问令牌”
3. 点击“创建令牌”，为其命名（例如“Clawdbot”）
4. 立即复制令牌（仅显示一次）

快速参考

列出实体

curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $HA_TOKEN" "$HA_URL/api/states" | jq '.[].entity_id'

获取实体状态

curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $HA_TOKEN" "$HA_URL/api/states/light.living_room"

控制设备

# Turn on
curl -X POST -H "Authorization: Bearer $HA_TOKEN" -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  "$HA_URL/api/services/light/turn_on" -d '{"entity_id": "light.living_room"}'

# Turn off
curl -X POST -H "Authorization: Bearer $HA_TOKEN" -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  "$HA_URL/api/services/light/turn_off" -d '{"entity_id": "light.living_room"}'

# Set brightness (0-255)
curl -X POST -H "Authorization: Bearer $HA_TOKEN" -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  "$HA_URL/api/services/light/turn_on" -d '{"entity_id": "light.living_room", "brightness": 128}'

运行脚本和自动化

# Trigger script
curl -X POST -H "Authorization: Bearer $HA_TOKEN" "$HA_URL/api/services/script/turn_on" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"entity_id": "script.goodnight"}'

# Trigger automation
curl -X POST -H "Authorization: Bearer $HA_TOKEN" "$HA_URL/api/services/automation/trigger" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"entity_id": "automation.motion_lights"}'

激活场景

curl -X POST -H "Authorization: Bearer $HA_TOKEN" "$HA_URL/api/services/scene/turn_on" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"entity_id": "scene.movie_night"}'

常用服务

域	服务	示例 entity_id
light	turn_on、turn_off、toggle	light.kitchen
switch	turn_on、turn_off、toggle	switch.fan
climate	set_temperature、set_hvac_mode	climate.thermostat
cover	open_cover、close_cover、stop_cover	cover.garage
media_player	play_media、media_pause、volume_set	media_player.tv
scene	turn_on	scene.relax
script	turn_on	script.welcome_home
automation	trigger、turn_on、turn_off	automation.sunrise

入站 Webhook（HA → Clawdbot）

要接收来自 Home Assistant 自动化的事件：

1. 创建带 Webhook 操作的 HA 自动化

# In HA automation
action:
  - service: rest_command.notify_clawdbot
    data:
      event: motion_detected
      area: living_room

2. 在 HA 中定义 REST 命令

# configuration.yaml
rest_command:
  notify_clawdbot:
    url: "https://your-clawdbot-url/webhook/home-assistant"
    method: POST
    headers:
      Authorization: "Bearer {{ webhook_secret }}"
      Content-Type: "application/json"
    payload: '{"event": "{{ event }}", "area": "{{ area }}"}'

3. 在 Clawdbot 中处理

Clawdbot 会接收 Webhook，并可根据事件通知你或采取操作。

CLI 封装脚本

scripts/ha.sh CLI 提供了便捷方式，可访问所有 HA 功能：

# Test connection
ha.sh info

# List entities
ha.sh list all          # all entities
ha.sh list lights       # just lights
ha.sh list switch       # just switches

# Search entities
ha.sh search kitchen    # find entities by name

# Get/set state
ha.sh state light.living_room
ha.sh states light.living_room   # full details with attributes
ha.sh on light.living_room
ha.sh on light.living_room 200   # with brightness (0-255)
ha.sh off light.living_room
ha.sh toggle switch.fan

# Scenes & scripts
ha.sh scene movie_night
ha.sh script goodnight

# Climate
ha.sh climate climate.thermostat 22

# Call any service
ha.sh call light turn_on '{"entity_id":"light.room","brightness":200}'

故障排除

• 401 未授权：令牌已过期或无效。请生成新令牌。
• 连接被拒绝：检查 HA_URL，确保 HA 正在运行且可访问。
• 未找到实体：列出实体以查找正确的 entity_id。

API 参考

如需高级用法，请参阅 references/api.md。