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github.com/anthropics文档处理184.5k218.8k 次安装今天更新
代码仓库

关于 pdf

pdf 是一份 PDF 处理指南，介绍使用 Python 库和命令行工具进行读取、合并、拆分、创建和表单处理等操作。适合需要快速查阅 PDF 常用操作的开发者。

主要功能

  1. 01pypdf 合并、拆分、旋转与元数据读取
  2. 02pdfplumber 文本与表格提取
  3. 03reportlab 创建 PDF 并正确处理上下标
  4. 04pdftotext、qpdf 等命令行工具用法
  5. 05扫描件 OCR 与水印、加密等常见任务

适用场景

  1. 01批量合并或拆分多份 PDF 文件
  2. 02从报表中提取表格数据到 pandas 进行分析
  3. 03为扫描版 PDF 添加文字识别

安装

复制下面的命令，在终端中运行。

$npx skills add https://github.com/anthropics/skills --skill pdf

安装后在 Claude Code 中输入/pdf确认已加载。

包含的文件

除 SKILL.md 外，安装时一起下载的参考资料和脚本。

forms.md
LICENSE.txt
reference.md
scripts/
check_bounding_boxes.py
check_fillable_fields.py
convert_pdf_to_images.py
create_validation_image.py
extract_form_field_info.py
extract_form_structure.py
fill_fillable_fields.py
fill_pdf_form_with_annotations.py

详细介绍

PDF 处理指南

概述

本指南介绍使用 Python 库和命令行工具进行 PDF 处理的基本操作。高级功能、JavaScript 库和详细示例，请参阅 REFERENCE.md。如果需要填写 PDF 表单，请阅读 FORMS.md 并按其中的说明操作。

快速开始

from pypdf import PdfReader, PdfWriter

# Read a PDF
reader = PdfReader("document.pdf")
print(f"Pages: {len(reader.pages)}")

# Extract text
text = ""
for page in reader.pages:
    text += page.extract_text()

Python 库

pypdf - 基础操作
合并 PDF
from pypdf import PdfWriter, PdfReader

writer = PdfWriter()
for pdf_file in ["doc1.pdf", "doc2.pdf", "doc3.pdf"]:
    reader = PdfReader(pdf_file)
    for page in reader.pages:
        writer.add_page(page)

with open("merged.pdf", "wb") as output:
    writer.write(output)
拆分 PDF
reader = PdfReader("input.pdf")
for i, page in enumerate(reader.pages):
    writer = PdfWriter()
    writer.add_page(page)
    with open(f"page_{i+1}.pdf", "wb") as output:
        writer.write(output)
提取元数据
reader = PdfReader("document.pdf")
meta = reader.metadata
print(f"Title: {meta.title}")
print(f"Author: {meta.author}")
print(f"Subject: {meta.subject}")
print(f"Creator: {meta.creator}")
旋转页面
reader = PdfReader("input.pdf")
writer = PdfWriter()

page = reader.pages[0]
page.rotate(90)  # Rotate 90 degrees clockwise
writer.add_page(page)

with open("rotated.pdf", "wb") as output:
    writer.write(output)
pdfplumber - 文本和表格提取
提取保留版式的文本
import pdfplumber

with pdfplumber.open("document.pdf") as pdf:
    for page in pdf.pages:
        text = page.extract_text()
        print(text)
提取表格
with pdfplumber.open("document.pdf") as pdf:
    for i, page in enumerate(pdf.pages):
        tables = page.extract_tables()
        for j, table in enumerate(tables):
            print(f"Table {j+1} on page {i+1}:")
            for row in table:
                print(row)
高级表格提取
import pandas as pd

with pdfplumber.open("document.pdf") as pdf:
    all_tables = []
    for page in pdf.pages:
        tables = page.extract_tables()
        for table in tables:
            if table:  # Check if table is not empty
                df = pd.DataFrame(table[1:], columns=table[0])
                all_tables.append(df)

# Combine all tables
if all_tables:
    combined_df = pd.concat(all_tables, ignore_index=True)
    combined_df.to_excel("extracted_tables.xlsx", index=False)
reportlab - 创建 PDF
基础 PDF 创建
from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import letter
from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas

c = canvas.Canvas("hello.pdf", pagesize=letter)
width, height = letter

# Add text
c.drawString(100, height - 100, "Hello World!")
c.drawString(100, height - 120, "This is a PDF created with reportlab")

# Add a line
c.line(100, height - 140, 400, height - 140)

# Save
c.save()
创建多页 PDF
from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import letter
from reportlab.platypus import SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, PageBreak
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet

doc = SimpleDocTemplate("report.pdf", pagesize=letter)
styles = getSampleStyleSheet()
story = []

# Add content
title = Paragraph("Report Title", styles['Title'])
story.append(title)
story.append(Spacer(1, 12))

body = Paragraph("This is the body of the report. " * 20, styles['Normal'])
story.append(body)
story.append(PageBreak())

# Page 2
story.append(Paragraph("Page 2", styles['Heading1']))
story.append(Paragraph("Content for page 2", styles['Normal']))

# Build PDF
doc.build(story)
下标和上标

重要：切勿在 ReportLab PDF 中使用 Unicode 下标/上标字符（₀₁₂₃₄₅₆₇₈₉、⁰¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹）。内置字体不包含这些字形，会导致它们显示为实心黑色方块。

请改为在 Paragraph 对象中使用 ReportLab 的 XML 标记标签：

from reportlab.platypus import Paragraph
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet

styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

# Subscripts: use <sub> tag
chemical = Paragraph("H<sub>2</sub>O", styles['Normal'])

# Superscripts: use <super> tag
squared = Paragraph("x<super>2</super> + y<super>2</super>", styles['Normal'])

对于使用 canvas 绘制的文本（非 Paragraph 对象），请手动调整字体大小和位置，而不要使用 Unicode 下标/上标字符。

命令行工具

pdftotext (poppler-utils)
# Extract text
pdftotext input.pdf output.txt

# Extract text preserving layout
pdftotext -layout input.pdf output.txt

# Extract specific pages
pdftotext -f 1 -l 5 input.pdf output.txt  # Pages 1-5
qpdf
# Merge PDFs
qpdf --empty --pages file1.pdf file2.pdf -- merged.pdf

# Split pages
qpdf input.pdf --pages . 1-5 -- pages1-5.pdf
qpdf input.pdf --pages . 6-10 -- pages6-10.pdf

# Rotate pages
qpdf input.pdf output.pdf --rotate=+90:1  # Rotate page 1 by 90 degrees

# Remove password
qpdf --password=mypassword --decrypt encrypted.pdf decrypted.pdf
pdftk（如可用）
# Merge
pdftk file1.pdf file2.pdf cat output merged.pdf

# Split
pdftk input.pdf burst

# Rotate
pdftk input.pdf rotate 1east output rotated.pdf

常见任务

从扫描版 PDF 中提取文本
# Requires: pip install pytesseract pdf2image
import pytesseract
from pdf2image import convert_from_path

# Convert PDF to images
images = convert_from_path('scanned.pdf')

# OCR each page
text = ""
for i, image in enumerate(images):
    text += f"Page {i+1}:\n"
    text += pytesseract.image_to_string(image)
    text += "\n\n"

print(text)
添加水印
from pypdf import PdfReader, PdfWriter

# Create watermark (or load existing)
watermark = PdfReader("watermark.pdf").pages[0]

# Apply to all pages
reader = PdfReader("document.pdf")
writer = PdfWriter()

for page in reader.pages:
    page.merge_page(watermark)
    writer.add_page(page)

with open("watermarked.pdf", "wb") as output:
    writer.write(output)
提取图像
# Using pdfimages (poppler-utils)
pdfimages -j input.pdf output_prefix

# This extracts all images as output_prefix-000.jpg, output_prefix-001.jpg, etc.
密码保护
from pypdf import PdfReader, PdfWriter

reader = PdfReader("input.pdf")
writer = PdfWriter()

for page in reader.pages:
    writer.add_page(page)

# Add password
writer.encrypt("userpassword", "ownerpassword")

with open("encrypted.pdf", "wb") as output:
    writer.write(output)

快速参考

任务最佳工具命令/代码
合并 PDFpypdfwriter.add_page(page)
拆分 PDFpypdf每页输出为一个文件
提取文本pdfplumberpage.extract_text()
提取表格pdfplumberpage.extract_tables()
创建 PDFreportlabCanvas 或 Platypus
命令行合并qpdfqpdf --empty --pages ...
扫描版 PDF 的 OCRpytesseract先转换为图像
填写 PDF 表单pdf-lib 或 pypdf（见 FORMS.md）见 FORMS.md

后续步骤

  • 高级 pypdfium2 用法，请参阅 REFERENCE.md
  • JavaScript 库（pdf-lib），请参阅 REFERENCE.md
  • 如需填写 PDF 表单，请按照 FORMS.md 中的说明操作
  • 故障排查指南，请参阅 REFERENCE.md

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