product-manager

产品经理

用于打造成功产品的专家级产品管理。

核心能力

• 产品战略与愿景
• 路线图规划
• 用户研究与探索
• 功能优先级排序
• 利益相关者管理
• 指标与分析
• 上市规划
• 敏捷产品开发

产品战略

愿景框架

VISION STATEMENT
What future do we want to create?
[Aspirational, 3-5 year horizon]

MISSION
How do we create that future?
[Actionable, explains our approach]

STRATEGY
What are our key bets?
[3-5 strategic pillars]

OBJECTIVES
How do we measure success?
[OKRs, quarterly targets]

战略画布

维度	当前状态	目标状态	差距	优先级
用户体验
功能集
性能
定价
市场定位

优先级排序框架

RICE 框架

RICE Score = (Reach × Impact × Confidence) / Effort

Reach: How many users affected per quarter
  - 10000+ users = 10
  - 5000-10000 = 8
  - 1000-5000 = 5
  - 500-1000 = 3
  - <500 = 1

Impact: Effect on users (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3)
  - Massive = 3
  - High = 2
  - Medium = 1
  - Low = 0.5
  - Minimal = 0.25

Confidence: How sure are we (20%, 50%, 80%, 100%)
  - High = 100%
  - Medium = 80%
  - Low = 50%
  - Very Low = 20%

Effort: Person-months
  - 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.

ICE 框架

ICE Score = Impact × Confidence × Ease

Impact: 1-10 (effect on key metric)
Confidence: 1-10 (certainty of estimate)
Ease: 1-10 (simplicity of implementation)

优先级矩阵

                    High Impact
                         |
    Do First        -----+-----    Plan Carefully
    (Quick Wins)         |         (Strategic)
                         |
    Low Effort ----------+---------- High Effort
                         |
    Fill-ins        -----+-----    Don't Do
    (When Available)     |         (Time Sinks)
                         |
                    Low Impact

路线图规划

路线图模板

# Product Roadmap - [Year/Quarter]

## Theme: [Strategic Theme]

### Now (Current Quarter)
| Feature | Goal | Metric | Status |
|---------|------|--------|--------|
| [Feature 1] | [Goal] | [KPI] | In Progress |
| [Feature 2] | [Goal] | [KPI] | Planning |

### Next (Next Quarter)
| Feature | Goal | Metric | Confidence |
|---------|------|--------|------------|
| [Feature 3] | [Goal] | [KPI] | High |
| [Feature 4] | [Goal] | [KPI] | Medium |

### Later (Future)
| Feature | Goal | Dependencies |
|---------|------|--------------|
| [Feature 5] | [Goal] | [Deps] |

## Key Assumptions
- [Assumption 1]
- [Assumption 2]

## Risks
- [Risk 1]: [Mitigation]

路线图演示结构

面向高管：

• 战略主题
• 业务成果
• 关键里程碑
• 资源需求

面向工程团队：

• 技术需求
• 依赖项
• Sprint 分配
• 技术债务平衡

面向销售/客户成功团队：

• 面向客户的功能
• 发布计划
• 竞争定位
• 培训需求

用户研究

研究方法

方法	适用场景	样本量	时长
用户访谈	探索、验证	5-10	1-2 周
问卷调查	定量验证	100+	1 周
可用性测试	设计验证	5-8	1 周
A/B 测试	功能优化	1000+	2-4 周
分析	行为洞察	所有用户	持续进行

访谈指南模板

# User Interview Guide: [Topic]

## Objectives
- [What we want to learn]

## Participant Criteria
- [Who we're talking to]

## Warm-up (5 min)
- Tell me about your role
- How long have you been using [product/solution]?

## Current Behavior (10 min)
- Walk me through how you currently [task]
- What tools do you use?
- What's most frustrating about this process?

## Problem Exploration (15 min)
- Tell me about a recent time when [problem]
- What did you do to solve it?
- How often does this happen?

## Solution Validation (15 min)
- [Show concept/prototype]
- What do you think this does?
- How would you use this?
- What's missing?

## Wrap-up (5 min)
- Is there anything else you'd like to share?
- Can we follow up with more questions?

研究综合分析

FINDINGS SUMMARY

Key Insights:
1. [Insight with supporting quotes]
2. [Insight with supporting quotes]
3. [Insight with supporting quotes]

User Segments Identified:
- Segment A: [Description, size, needs]
- Segment B: [Description, size, needs]

Opportunities:
- [Opportunity 1]
- [Opportunity 2]

Recommendations:
- [Action item 1]
- [Action item 2]

PRD 模板

# Product Requirements Document
## [Feature Name]

### Overview
**Problem:** [What problem are we solving?]
**Solution:** [How are we solving it?]
**Success Metric:** [How will we measure success?]

### User Stories
As a [user type], I want to [action], so that [benefit].

### Requirements

#### Must Have (P0)
- [ ] [Requirement 1]
- [ ] [Requirement 2]

#### Should Have (P1)
- [ ] [Requirement 3]
- [ ] [Requirement 4]

#### Nice to Have (P2)
- [ ] [Requirement 5]

### User Flow
[Diagram or description]

### Acceptance Criteria
- [ ] [Criterion 1]
- [ ] [Criterion 2]

### Out of Scope
- [What we're NOT building]

### Technical Considerations
- [Dependencies]
- [Constraints]

### Open Questions
- [Question 1]
- [Question 2]

### Timeline
- Design: [Date]
- Development: [Date]
- QA: [Date]
- Release: [Date]

指标框架

北极星指标

NORTH STAR METRIC: [Metric Name]

Why this metric:
- Reflects customer value
- Leads to revenue
- Measurable and actionable

Supporting Metrics:
├── Acquisition: [Metric]
├── Activation: [Metric]
├── Retention: [Metric]
├── Revenue: [Metric]
└── Referral: [Metric]

产品分析

漏斗指标：

Visitors → Sign-ups → Activated → Retained → Paying
  100%       10%         40%        60%        20%

Conversion Rates:
- Visit to Sign-up: 10%
- Sign-up to Activated: 40%
- Activated to Retained: 60%
- Retained to Paying: 20%

参与度指标：

• DAU/MAU 比率
• 会话频率
• 功能采用率
• 产品使用时长

业务指标：

• MRR/ARR
• ARPU
• LTV
• CAC
• 回本周期

利益相关者管理

RACI 矩阵

决策	负责执行	最终负责	征询意见	知会
路线图	PM	VP Product	Eng、Sales	所有人
定价	PM	CEO	Finance、Sales	所有人
UX	Designer	PM	Eng、用户	Sales
技术架构	Eng Lead	CTO	PM	所有人

沟通节奏

利益相关者	频率	形式	内容
工程团队	每日	站会	阻碍事项、优先级
领导层	每周	同步会议	进展、决策
销售团队	每两周	会议	销售线索、反馈
客户	每月	新闻简报	更新、路线图

参考资料

• references/prioritization.md - 优先级排序框架
• references/research_methods.md - 用户研究指南
• references/roadmap_templates.md - 路线图格式
• references/metrics_guide.md - 产品分析

脚本

# RICE score calculator
python scripts/rice_calculator.py --features features.csv

# User research analyzer
python scripts/research_analyzer.py --interviews transcripts/

# Roadmap generator
python scripts/roadmap_gen.py --backlog backlog.csv --quarters 4

# Metrics dashboard
python scripts/metrics_dashboard.py --product myproduct