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wp-security-review

wp-security-review

github.com/jorgerosal安全111117 次安装20 周前更新
代码仓库

关于 wp-security-review

面向 WordPress 主题、插件及自定义代码的安全审查技能,按输入、授权和输出三项原则检查漏洞。适用于代码审计,并按严重级别提供行号、CWE 及修复示例。

主要功能

  1. 01检查输入清理、授权与输出转义
  2. 02审查 SQL 注入、XSS 与 CSRF
  3. 03检查 REST API、AJAX 和上传处理
  4. 04按文件与严重级别整理发现
  5. 05提供行号、CWE 和修复代码

适用场景

  1. 01发布前审查 WordPress 插件
  2. 02调查主题或插件中的漏洞报告
  3. 03检查表单、AJAX 与 REST API 处理器

安装

复制下面的命令,在终端中运行。

$npx skills add https://github.com/jorgerosal/wordpress-skills --skill wp-security-review

安装后在 Claude Code 中输入/wp-security-review确认已加载。

包含的文件

除 SKILL.md 外,安装时一起下载的参考资料和脚本。

references/
auth-patterns.md
escaping-guide.md
nonce-csrf-guide.md
sanitization-guide.md
vulnerability-patterns.md

详细介绍

WordPress 安全审查技能

概述

对 WordPress 主题、插件和自定义代码进行系统性的安全代码审查。**核心原则:**三大支柱安全模型:(1)尽早清理输入;(2)验证授权(nonce + 能力);(3)延迟转义输出。首先扫描严重问题(公开代码中的 SQL 注入、未转义输出导致的 XSS、状态变更操作缺少 nonce),然后检查警告,最后查看信息级改进。报告需包含行号、严重性、CWE 参考,以及 BAD/GOOD 代码对照。

适用场景

适用于:

  • 审计 WordPress 主题或插件的安全性
  • 上线前安全审查
  • 调查已报告的漏洞
  • 审查表单处理器、AJAX 端点或 REST API 路由
  • 分析用户输入处理或输出渲染
  • 审查存在可利用模式的代码(XSS、SQL 注入、CSRF、认证绕过)

不适用于:

  • 服务器加固或基础设施安全(Apache/nginx 配置、防火墙规则)
  • Web 应用防火墙(WAF)配置
  • SSL/TLS 证书管理
  • 仅针对性能的审计(使用 wp-performance-review)
  • 通用的非 WordPress PHP 安全审查

代码审查工作流

  1. 识别文件类型,并应用下方相关检查
  2. 优先扫描严重模式(公开代码中的 SQL 注入、未转义输出导致的 XSS、状态变更操作缺少 nonce、文件上传未验证)
  3. 检查警告模式(授权问题、仅限管理端的 XSS、验证不完整)
  4. 记录信息级改进(纵深防御、安全常量、加固机会)
  5. 根据上下文调整严重性(仅限管理端的代码 = 较低严重性;面向公众的代码 = 最高严重性;WP-CLI/cron = 无需 nonce;REST API = 不同的授权模型)
  6. 按照下方输出格式提供包含行号的报告

按文件类型检查

插件/主题 PHP 文件(functions.php、plugin.php、*.php)

扫描以下内容:

  • 顶部缺少 defined( 'ABSPATH' ) || exit; → WARNING:可能直接访问文件
  • eval( → CRITICAL:代码注入途径(CWE-95)
  • exec(、shell_exec(、system(、passthru( → CRITICAL:存在用户输入时可能导致命令注入(CWE-78)
  • base64_decode( $_ → CRITICAL:可能执行编码后的载荷
  • unserialize( $_ → CRITICAL:对象注入(CWE-502)
  • $_GET[、$_POST[、$_REQUEST[ 未使用 sanitize_* → WARNING:未清理的输入(CWE-20)
  • include $_、require $_、include_once $_、require_once $_ → CRITICAL:路径遍历/文件包含(CWE-22)
  • 直接使用 move_uploaded_file( → CRITICAL:应改用 wp_handle_upload()
表单处理器(admin-post.php、admin_post_* 钩子)

检查以下三步模式(必须全部具备):

  1. Nonce 验证 → wp_verify_nonce( $_POST['nonce_field'], 'action_name' ) 或 check_admin_referer() → 缺少时为 CRITICAL(CWE-352)
  2. 能力检查 → current_user_can( 'capability' ) → 缺少时为 CRITICAL(CWE-862)
  3. 输入清理 → sanitize_text_field()、sanitize_email() 等 → 缺少时为 WARNING(CWE-20)

缺少任意一步 = 存在漏洞。状态变更操作必须具备全部三步。

AJAX 处理器(wp_ajax_*、wp_ajax_nopriv_* 钩子)

扫描以下内容:

  • 状态变更操作缺少 check_ajax_referer( 'action_name', 'nonce_field' ) → CRITICAL(CWE-352)
  • 需要能力检查时缺少 current_user_can( 'capability' ) → CRITICAL(CWE-862)
  • wp_ajax_nopriv_* 未设置 nonce → CRITICAL:公开端点没有 CSRF 防护
  • $_POST 输入未使用 sanitize_* → WARNING:未清理的输入(CWE-20)
  • 输出用户输入时,wp_send_json() 未进行转义 → WARNING:JSON 注入
REST API 端点(register_rest_route)

扫描以下内容:

  • 缺少 permission_callback → 严重:WordPress 5.5+ 要求提供此项(CWE-862)
  • 写操作中使用 'permission_callback' => '__return_true' → 严重:允许未授权访问
  • 公开读取端点使用 'permission_callback' => '__return_true' → 正常(不是漏洞)
  • 权限回调中缺少 current_user_can() → 警告:可能导致权限提升(CWE-863)
  • 未对 $request->get_param() 的输入进行验证 → 警告:输入未经清理(CWE-20)
  • 通过 X-WP-Nonce 标头或应用程序密码进行 REST 身份验证 → 信息:确认客户端发送了标头
数据库代码($wpdb->query、$wpdb->get_results 等)

扫描以下内容:

  • $wpdb->query( 或 $wpdb->get_results( 使用字符串拼接或插值 → 严重:SQL 注入(CWE-89)
  • 存在用户输入时缺少 $wpdb->prepare() → 严重:SQL 注入(CWE-89)
  • $wpdb->prepare( "... LIKE '%{$term}%'" ) → 警告:应先使用 $wpdb->esc_like()
  • 重复预处理(对已预处理的字符串再次预处理)→ 警告:会转义转义字符
  • 在查询中直接使用 {$wpdb->prefix} → 正常(不是漏洞,是标准模式)

安全模式:$wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->posts} WHERE ID = %d", $post_id ) )

模板/输出文件(主题、模板中的 *.php)

扫描以下内容:

  • echo $ 或 print $ 未使用转义函数 → 严重:XSS(CWE-79)
  • <input value="<?php echo $ → 严重:使用 esc_attr()(CWE-79)
  • <a href="<?php echo $ → 严重:使用 esc_url()(CWE-79)
  • <script> 块中包含 PHP 变量 → 严重:使用 esc_js() 或 wp_localize_script()(CWE-79)
  • 富 HTML 输出未使用 wp_kses() 或 wp_kses_post() → 警告:可能允许不安全的标签

安全模式:始终在输出时转义,而不是在输入或存储时转义。

文件上传处理程序

扫描以下内容:

  • 使用 move_uploaded_file( 而非 wp_handle_upload() → 严重:绕过 WP 安全检查(CWE-434)
  • 缺少 current_user_can() 检查 → 严重:未授权文件上传(CWE-862)
  • 未验证 MIME 类型 → 警告:可能允许上传可执行文件
  • 未限制文件大小 → 信息:可能导致 DoS
  • 缺少 wp_check_filetype_and_ext() → 警告:可能伪造文件类型(CWE-434)
JavaScript 文件(*.js、*.jsx)

扫描以下内容:

  • 调用 REST API 的 fetch() 或 $.ajax() 未携带 X-WP-Nonce 标头 → 警告:CSRF 漏洞(CWE-352)
  • $.post( ajaxurl, ...) 的数据中未包含 nonce → 警告:CSRF 漏洞(CWE-352)
  • innerHTML = userInput 或 dangerouslySetInnerHTML → 严重:基于 DOM 的 XSS(CWE-79)
  • eval( → 严重:代码注入向量(CWE-95)

快速检测的搜索模式(SEC-20)

# CRITICAL: SQL injection patterns
grep -rn "\$wpdb->query(" . | grep -v "prepare"
grep -rn "\$wpdb->get_results(" . | grep -v "prepare"
grep -rn "\$wpdb->get_var(" . | grep -v "prepare"
grep -rn "\$wpdb->get_row(" . | grep -v "prepare"

# CRITICAL: XSS (unescaped output)
grep -rn "echo \$_" .
grep -rn "print \$_" .
grep -rn "<?php echo \$" . | grep -v "esc_"

# CRITICAL: Dangerous functions
grep -rn "eval(" .
grep -rn "exec(" .
grep -rn "shell_exec(" .
grep -rn "system(" .
grep -rn "passthru(" .
grep -rn "base64_decode(\$_" .
grep -rn "unserialize(\$_" .

# CRITICAL: File upload without WP functions
grep -rn "move_uploaded_file(" .

# CRITICAL: REST API without permission_callback
grep -rn "register_rest_route" . | grep -v "permission_callback"

# CRITICAL: Path traversal / dynamic includes
grep -rn "include \$_" .
grep -rn "require \$_" .
grep -rn "include_once \$_" .
grep -rn "require_once \$_" .

# WARNING: Unsanitized input usage
grep -rn "\$_GET\[" . | grep -v "sanitize_"
grep -rn "\$_POST\[" . | grep -v "sanitize_"
grep -rn "\$_REQUEST\[" . | grep -v "sanitize_"

# WARNING: Missing nonces on public AJAX
grep -rn "wp_ajax_nopriv_" .

# WARNING: Missing capability checks
grep -rn "admin_post_" . | grep -v "current_user_can"
grep -rn "wp_ajax_" . | grep -v "current_user_can"

# INFO: Missing ABSPATH check
grep -rn "<?php" . | head -20 | grep -v "ABSPATH"

# INFO: Security constants missing (check wp-config.php)
grep -n "DISALLOW_FILE_EDIT" wp-config.php
grep -n "FORCE_SSL_ADMIN" wp-config.php
grep -n "DISALLOW_UNFILTERED_HTML" wp-config.php

平台背景

不同的托管环境提供不同层级的安全防护:

托管式 WordPress 主机(WP Engine、Pantheon、Pressable、WordPress VIP 等):

  • 通常提供平台级 WAF 和恶意软件扫描
  • 可能会在平台级阻止某些危险函数(eval、exec)
  • 请查看主机文档,了解其他安全要求
  • 为确保可移植性,代码仍应遵循安全编写规范

WordPress VIP:

  • 代码审查要求严格
  • 禁止使用许多危险函数
  • 提供其他安全辅助函数(wpcom_vip_* 函数)
  • 关于必需模式,请参阅 VIP 文档

自托管/标准托管:

  • 除代码本身实现的安全措施外,不提供平台级安全防护
  • 需要更加重视安全编码实践
  • 确保实现所有三项原则(清理、授权、转义)

快速参考:关键安全模式

XSS 防护(输出转义)
// ❌ CRITICAL: Unescaped output (CWE-79)
<h1><?php echo $_GET['title']; ?></h1>
<input value="<?php echo $user_input; ?>">
<a href="<?php echo $url; ?>">Link</a>
<script>var data = "<?php echo $json; ?>";</script>

// ✅ GOOD: Context-appropriate escaping
<h1><?php echo esc_html( $_GET['title'] ); ?></h1>
<input value="<?php echo esc_attr( $user_input ); ?>">
<a href="<?php echo esc_url( $url ); ?>">Link</a>
<script>var data = <?php echo wp_json_encode( $data ); ?>;</script>

// ❌ CRITICAL: Early escaping (wrong pattern)
$title = esc_html( $_POST['title'] );
update_post_meta( $post_id, 'title', $title ); // Stores HTML entities

// ✅ GOOD: Late escaping (correct pattern)
$title = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['title'] );
update_post_meta( $post_id, 'title', $title );
echo '<h1>' . esc_html( get_post_meta( $post_id, 'title', true ) ) . '</h1>';

// ✅ GOOD: Rich HTML with wp_kses_post() for trusted content
echo wp_kses_post( $content ); // Allows safe HTML tags only

// ✅ GOOD: Custom allowed tags with wp_kses()
$allowed_tags = array(
    'a' => array( 'href' => array(), 'title' => array() ),
    'br' => array(),
    'strong' => array(),
);
echo wp_kses( $user_content, $allowed_tags );
SQL 注入防护
// ❌ CRITICAL: Direct interpolation (CWE-89)
$results = $wpdb->get_results( "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->users} WHERE ID = $user_id" );
$results = $wpdb->query( "UPDATE {$wpdb->posts} SET post_title = '$title'" );

// ✅ GOOD: Use $wpdb->prepare() with placeholders
$results = $wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare(
    "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->users} WHERE ID = %d",
    $user_id
) );

$wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare(
    "UPDATE {$wpdb->posts} SET post_title = %s WHERE ID = %d",
    $title,
    $post_id
) );

// ✅ GOOD: Multiple placeholders
$wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare(
    "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->posts} WHERE post_status = %s AND post_author = %d",
    $status,
    $author_id
) );

// ❌ WARNING: LIKE without esc_like()
$wpdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->posts} WHERE post_title LIKE '%%{$term}%%'" );

// ✅ GOOD: Use esc_like() for LIKE queries
$like_term = '%' . $wpdb->esc_like( $term ) . '%';
$wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare(
    "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->posts} WHERE post_title LIKE %s",
    $like_term
) );

// ✅ OK: Hardcoded SQL without user input (admin context)
if ( current_user_can( 'manage_options' ) ) {
    $wpdb->query( "DELETE FROM {$wpdb->options} WHERE option_name = 'temp_setting'" );
}
CSRF/Nonce 验证(三步模式)
// ❌ CRITICAL: Missing nonce verification (CWE-352)
add_action( 'admin_post_save_settings', function() {
    update_option( 'my_setting', $_POST['value'] );
} );

// ❌ CRITICAL: Missing capability check (CWE-862)
add_action( 'admin_post_save_settings', function() {
    check_admin_referer( 'save_settings_action', 'settings_nonce' );
    update_option( 'my_setting', $_POST['value'] );
} );

// ✅ GOOD: Complete three-step pattern
add_action( 'admin_post_save_settings', function() {
    // Step 1: Verify nonce
    if ( ! isset( $_POST['settings_nonce'] ) ||
         ! wp_verify_nonce( $_POST['settings_nonce'], 'save_settings_action' ) ) {
        wp_die( 'Invalid nonce' );
    }

    // Step 2: Check capability
    if ( ! current_user_can( 'manage_options' ) ) {
        wp_die( 'Insufficient permissions' );
    }

    // Step 3: Sanitize input
    $value = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['value'] );
    update_option( 'my_setting', $value );

    wp_redirect( admin_url( 'admin.php?page=settings&updated=true' ) );
    exit;
} );

// ✅ GOOD: Form with nonce field
<form method="post" action="<?php echo esc_url( admin_url( 'admin-post.php' ) ); ?>">
    <?php wp_nonce_field( 'save_settings_action', 'settings_nonce' ); ?>
    <input type="hidden" name="action" value="save_settings">
    <input type="text" name="value" value="<?php echo esc_attr( $current_value ); ?>">
    <?php submit_button(); ?>
</form>

// ✅ GOOD: AJAX with nonce
add_action( 'wp_ajax_update_user_meta', function() {
    check_ajax_referer( 'update_meta_nonce', 'nonce' );

    if ( ! current_user_can( 'edit_users' ) ) {
        wp_send_json_error( 'Insufficient permissions' );
    }

    $user_id = absint( $_POST['user_id'] );
    $value   = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['value'] );

    update_user_meta( $user_id, 'custom_field', $value );
    wp_send_json_success();
} );

// JavaScript for AJAX nonce
jQuery.post( ajaxurl, {
    action: 'update_user_meta',
    nonce: myAjax.nonce, // From wp_localize_script()
    user_id: 123,
    value: 'new value'
} );
授权/权限检查
// ❌ CRITICAL: No capability check (CWE-862)
add_action( 'admin_post_delete_user', function() {
    wp_delete_user( $_POST['user_id'] );
} );

// ❌ WARNING: Incorrect capability (CWE-863)
add_action( 'admin_post_delete_user', function() {
    if ( ! current_user_can( 'edit_posts' ) ) { // Wrong capability!
        wp_die( 'Insufficient permissions' );
    }
    wp_delete_user( $_POST['user_id'] );
} );

// ✅ GOOD: Correct capability check
add_action( 'admin_post_delete_user', function() {
    if ( ! current_user_can( 'delete_users' ) ) {
        wp_die( 'Insufficient permissions' );
    }

    check_admin_referer( 'delete_user_action', 'delete_nonce' );
    wp_delete_user( absint( $_POST['user_id'] ) );
} );

// ✅ GOOD: Check user can edit specific post
if ( ! current_user_can( 'edit_post', $post_id ) ) {
    wp_die( 'You cannot edit this post' );
}

// ✅ GOOD: REST API permission callback
register_rest_route( 'myapp/v1', '/users/(?P<id>\d+)', array(
    'methods'             => 'DELETE',
    'callback'            => 'myapp_delete_user',
    'permission_callback' => function( $request ) {
        return current_user_can( 'delete_users' );
    },
) );

// ✅ OK: __return_true for public read endpoint
register_rest_route( 'myapp/v1', '/posts', array(
    'methods'             => 'GET',
    'callback'            => 'myapp_get_posts',
    'permission_callback' => '__return_true', // Public read is OK
) );
文件上传安全
// ❌ CRITICAL: Direct move_uploaded_file() (CWE-434)
if ( isset( $_FILES['upload'] ) ) {
    move_uploaded_file( $_FILES['upload']['tmp_name'], '/uploads/' . $_FILES['upload']['name'] );
}

// ❌ CRITICAL: No capability check (CWE-862)
$file = wp_handle_upload( $_FILES['upload'], array( 'test_form' => false ) );

// ✅ GOOD: Complete file upload security
add_action( 'admin_post_upload_file', function() {
    // Step 1: Verify nonce
    check_admin_referer( 'upload_file_action', 'upload_nonce' );

    // Step 2: Check capability
    if ( ! current_user_can( 'upload_files' ) ) {
        wp_die( 'Insufficient permissions' );
    }

    // Step 3: Validate file exists
    if ( ! isset( $_FILES['upload'] ) || UPLOAD_ERR_OK !== $_FILES['upload']['error'] ) {
        wp_die( 'File upload failed' );
    }

    // Step 4: Use wp_handle_upload() (validates MIME type, extension)
    require_once( ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/file.php' );
    $file = wp_handle_upload( $_FILES['upload'], array( 'test_form' => false ) );

    if ( isset( $file['error'] ) ) {
        wp_die( 'Upload error: ' . esc_html( $file['error'] ) );
    }

    // Step 5: Store file info
    $attachment_id = wp_insert_attachment( array(
        'post_title'     => sanitize_file_name( $_FILES['upload']['name'] ),
        'post_mime_type' => $file['type'],
        'post_status'    => 'inherit',
    ), $file['file'] );
} );

// ✅ GOOD: Restrict allowed MIME types
add_filter( 'upload_mimes', function( $mimes ) {
    // Remove potentially dangerous types
    unset( $mimes['exe'] );
    unset( $mimes['php'] );

    // Add custom allowed types if needed
    $mimes['svg'] = 'image/svg+xml';
    return $mimes;
} );

// ✅ GOOD: File type validation
$filetype = wp_check_filetype_and_ext( $_FILES['upload']['tmp_name'], $_FILES['upload']['name'] );
if ( ! $filetype['ext'] ) {
    wp_die( 'Invalid file type' );
}
对象注入防护
// ❌ CRITICAL: Unserialize user input (CWE-502)
$data = unserialize( $_POST['data'] );

// ❌ CRITICAL: Unserialize from cookie
$data = unserialize( $_COOKIE['cart_data'] );

// ✅ GOOD: Use JSON instead of serialize for user-facing data
$data = json_decode( $_POST['data'], true );
if ( JSON_ERROR_NONE !== json_last_error() ) {
    wp_die( 'Invalid JSON' );
}

// ✅ OK: Unserialize trusted internal data only
$data = get_option( 'my_internal_setting' ); // Already unserialized by WP
$meta = get_post_meta( $post_id, 'my_field', true ); // Already unserialized by WP
危险函数
// ❌ CRITICAL: eval() with user input (CWE-95)
eval( $_POST['code'] );

// ❌ CRITICAL: exec() with user input (CWE-78)
exec( 'ls -la ' . $_GET['dir'] );

// ❌ CRITICAL: shell_exec() with user input
$output = shell_exec( 'grep ' . $_POST['search'] . ' file.txt' );

// ✅ GOOD: Avoid eval(), exec(), shell_exec() entirely in web context
// If absolutely necessary, whitelist input strictly
$allowed_dirs = array( 'uploads', 'cache' );
$dir = sanitize_key( $_GET['dir'] );
if ( in_array( $dir, $allowed_dirs, true ) ) {
    exec( 'ls -la ' . escapeshellarg( $dir ), $output );
}
防止直接访问文件
// ❌ WARNING: Missing ABSPATH check
<?php
// Plugin code here without security check

// ✅ GOOD: ABSPATH check at top of every PHP file
<?php
defined( 'ABSPATH' ) || exit;

// Plugin code here

// ✅ GOOD: Alternative pattern
if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
    die( 'Direct access not permitted.' );
}
输入清理
// ❌ WARNING: No sanitization (CWE-20)
$title = $_POST['title'];
update_post_meta( $post_id, 'title', $title );

// ✅ GOOD: Sanitize based on expected data type
$title       = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['title'] );
$email       = sanitize_email( $_POST['email'] );
$url         = sanitize_url( $_POST['url'] );
$filename    = sanitize_file_name( $_POST['filename'] );
$key         = sanitize_key( $_POST['key'] );
$int         = absint( $_POST['count'] );
$float       = floatval( $_POST['price'] );
$textarea    = sanitize_textarea_field( $_POST['description'] );

// ✅ GOOD: Array of integers
$ids = array_map( 'absint', (array) $_POST['ids'] );

// ✅ GOOD: Validate against whitelist
$allowed_types = array( 'post', 'page', 'product' );
$type = sanitize_key( $_POST['type'] );
if ( ! in_array( $type, $allowed_types, true ) ) {
    wp_die( 'Invalid type' );
}

严重性定义(SEC-22)

严重性描述
CRITICAL无需身份验证即可利用,或导致数据泄露、RCE 或权限提升。例如:公开端点上的 SQL 注入、未转义输出中的 XSS、管理操作缺少 nonce、文件上传未进行 capability 检查、使用用户输入调用 eval()
WARNING需要身份验证才能利用,或需要满足特定条件。例如:仅限管理员代码中的 XSS、已登录操作缺少 capability 检查、管理上下文中的 SQL 注入、输入清理不完整
INFO纵深防御改进或加固机会。例如:缺少 ABSPATH 检查、wp-config.php 中未设置安全常量、缺少安全标头

上下文调整:

  • 仅限管理员的代码:严重性降低一个级别(CRITICAL → WARNING)
  • WP-CLI/cron 上下文:不需要 nonce(无 CSRF 风险)
  • REST API:使用不同的身份验证模型(permission_callback,而非 nonce)
  • 面向公众的代码:最高严重性(没有身份验证屏障)

输出格式(SEC-23)

按文件和严重性级别对发现的问题分组:

## Security Review: [filename]

### CRITICAL Issues
**Line X** | CWE-79 | XSS via unescaped output
- **Issue**: User input echoed directly without escaping
- **Risk**: Allows attackers to inject malicious JavaScript
- **Context**: Public-facing template (HIGH severity)

❌ **BAD:**
```php
<h1><?php echo $_GET['title']; ?></h1>

✅ 良好:

<h1><?php echo esc_html( $_GET['title'] ); ?></h1>
WARNING 问题

第 Y 行 | CWE-352 | 缺少 nonce 验证

  • 问题:表单处理程序缺少 wp_verify_nonce()
  • 风险:状态可能通过 CSRF 攻击被更改
  • 上下文:仅限管理员(已降低严重性)

[不良/良好代码对照]

INFO 建议

第 Z 行 | 纵深防御 | 缺少 ABSPATH 检查

  • 在文件顶部添加 defined( 'ABSPATH' ) || exit;
总结
  • 总计:1 个 CRITICAL、1 个 WARNING、1 个 INFO
  • 风险级别:HIGH(存在可利用的 CRITICAL 问题)
  • 立即采取行动:修复第 X 行(未转义的输出)

## Common Mistakes (SEC-24)

When performing security reviews, avoid these false positives:

| Mistake | Why It's Wrong | Context |
|---------|----------------|---------|
| Flagging missing nonces in WP-CLI commands | WP-CLI runs server-side, no CSRF risk | Nonces only needed for HTTP requests |
| Flagging `wp_kses_post()` as insufficient escaping | `wp_kses_post()` is valid for trusted content with safe HTML | Allows `<p>`, `<a>`, `<strong>`, etc. - appropriate for post content |
| Flagging admin-only `$wpdb->query()` with hardcoded SQL | No user input = no injection risk | Review for user input presence, not just prepare() usage |
| Flagging `current_user_can()` inside REST `permission_callback` as redundant | This is the CORRECT location for capability checks in REST API | REST API auth model, not redundant |
| Flagging `esc_html( get_the_title() )` as double-escaping | WP core sanitizes on storage, but late escaping is still best practice | Not technically double-escaping, WP stores raw data |
| Flagging `update_option()` in admin context as vulnerability | Options API is safe for admin use | Check capability first, then update_option() is fine |
| Flagging REST API with `__return_true` permission on GET endpoints | Public read access is often intentional | Only flag on write operations (POST, PUT, DELETE) |
| Flagging `sanitize_callback` in `register_setting()` as missing sanitization | Settings API handles sanitization via callback | This is the correct pattern for Settings API |

## Security Constants Check (SEC-19)

Review `wp-config.php` for security hardening constants:

```php
// ✅ GOOD: Disable file editor (INFO-level recommendation)
define( 'DISALLOW_FILE_EDIT', true );

// ✅ GOOD: Force SSL for admin (INFO if SSL available)
define( 'FORCE_SSL_ADMIN', true );

// ✅ GOOD: Disable unfiltered HTML for all users including admins
define( 'DISALLOW_UNFILTERED_HTML', true );

// ✅ GOOD: Disable plugin/theme installation (high-security environments)
define( 'DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', true );

// ✅ GOOD: Custom authentication keys (CRITICAL if using defaults)
define( 'AUTH_KEY',         'put-unique-phrase-here' ); // Use https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'put-unique-phrase-here' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_KEY',    'put-unique-phrase-here' );
define( 'NONCE_KEY',        'put-unique-phrase-here' );
define( 'AUTH_SALT',        'put-unique-phrase-here' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put-unique-phrase-here' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_SALT',   'put-unique-phrase-here' );
define( 'NONCE_SALT',       'put-unique-phrase-here' );

深入参考资料

加载以下参考资料,了解全面的漏洞模式和示例:

任务要加载的参考资料
包含 CWE 映射的全面漏洞目录references/vulnerability-patterns.md
输出转义模式和特定上下文的函数references/escaping-guide.md
按数据类型划分的输入清理模式references/sanitization-guide.md
授权和 capability 检查模式references/auth-patterns.md
nonce 生成、验证和 CSRF 防护references/nonce-csrf-guide.md

注意:对于标准安全审查,本 SKILL.md 已包含所需的全部模式。如需全面的 CWE 目录、边缘情况或特定平台的安全要求(WordPress VIP 等),请加载参考资料。

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