behat-skill

Behat BDD 技能

核心模式

功能文件 (features/login.feature)

Feature: User Login
  As a user I want to log in

  Scenario: Successful login
    Given I am on "/login"
    When I fill in "email" with "[email protected]"
    And I fill in "password" with "password123"
    And I press "Login"
    Then I should see "Dashboard"
    And I should be on "/dashboard"

  Scenario: Invalid credentials
    Given I am on "/login"
    When I fill in "email" with "[email protected]"
    And I fill in "password" with "wrong"
    And I press "Login"
    Then I should see "Invalid credentials"

自定义上下文 (features/bootstrap/LoginContext.php)

<?php
use Behat\MinkExtension\Context\MinkContext;
use Behat\Behat\Context\Context;

class LoginContext extends MinkContext implements Context
{
    /**
     * @When I login as :email with password :password
     */
    public function iLoginAs(string $email, string $password): void
    {
        $this->visit('/login');
        $this->fillField('email', $email);
        $this->fillField('password', $password);
        $this->pressButton('Login');
    }

    /**
     * @Then I should see the dashboard
     */
    public function iShouldSeeTheDashboard(): void
    {
        $this->assertSession()->addressEquals('/dashboard');
        $this->assertSession()->pageTextContains('Welcome');
    }

    /**
     * @Then the response time should be under :ms milliseconds
     */
    public function responseUnder(int $ms): void
    {
        // Custom performance assertion
    }
}

内置 MinkContext 步骤

# Navigation
Given I am on "/path"
When I go to "/path"
When I reload the page

# Forms
When I fill in "field" with "value"
When I select "option" from "select"
When I check "checkbox"
When I uncheck "checkbox"
When I press "button"
When I attach the file "path" to "field"

# Assertions
Then I should see "text"
Then I should not see "text"
Then I should be on "/path"
Then the response status code should be 200
Then the "field" field should contain "value"
Then I should see an "css-selector" element
Then print current URL

behat.yml

default:
  suites:
    default:
      contexts:
        - LoginContext
        - Behat\MinkExtension\Context\MinkContext
  extensions:
    Behat\MinkExtension:
      base_url: 'http://localhost:3000'
      sessions:
        default:
          selenium2:
            browser: chrome
            wd_host: 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub'

标签

./vendor/bin/behat --tags=@smoke
./vendor/bin/behat --tags="@smoke&&~@slow"

设置：composer require --dev behat/behat behat/mink-extension behat/mink-selenium2-driver

初始化：./vendor/bin/behat --init

在 TestMu AI 上云端执行

设置环境变量：LT_USERNAME、LT_ACCESS_KEY

# behat.yml
default:
  extensions:
    Behat\MinkExtension:
      base_url: 'https://your-app.com'
      selenium2:
        wd_host: 'https://hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub'
        capabilities:
          browser: 'chrome'
          extra_capabilities:
            'LT:Options':
              user: '%env(LT_USERNAME)%'
              accessKey: '%env(LT_ACCESS_KEY)%'
              build: 'Behat Build'
              name: 'Behat Test'
              platformName: 'Windows 11'
              video: true
              console: true
              network: true

运行：./vendor/bin/behat 或 ./vendor/bin/behat features/login.feature

深入模式

生产级模式请参阅 reference/playbook.md：

章节	内容
§1 项目设置	包含测试套件、Mink 扩展、配置文件和项目结构的 behat.yml
§2 功能文件	使用 Scenario Outline、Background 和 TableNode 数据的 Gherkin
§3 上下文类	步骤定义、依赖注入、API 上下文和断言
§4 钩子	BeforeSuite/Scenario/Step、失败时截取屏幕截图、回滚事务
§5 页面对象	使用元素映射和可复用组件的页面对象模式
§6 LambdaTest 集成	远程 Selenium 配置、云端浏览器配置文件
§7 自定义格式化器	HTML 报告格式化器、结果收集
§8 CI/CD 集成	使用 MySQL、Selenium 和 JUnit 报告的 GitHub Actions
§9 调试表	12 个常见问题及其原因和解决方法
§10 最佳实践	包含 14 项内容的 BDD 测试清单