drift

Drift Protocol SDK 开发指南

使用 Drift Protocol SDK 构建 Solana 应用的综合指南。Drift Protocol 是 Solana 上领先的永续期货和现货交易协议。

概述

Drift Protocol 是 Solana 上的去中心化交易所，提供：

• 永续期货：加密资产最高支持 20 倍杠杆
• 现货交易：借贷和保证金交易
• 交叉抵押：使用多种资产作为抵押品
• 金库：委托交易池
• Jupiter 集成：直接进行现货兑换

快速开始

安装

npm install @drift-labs/sdk @solana/web3.js @coral-xyz/anchor

Python 安装方式：

pip install driftpy

基本设置（TypeScript）

import { Connection, Keypair } from '@solana/web3.js';
import { Wallet } from '@coral-xyz/anchor';
import {
  DriftClient,
  initialize,
  DriftEnv,
  BulkAccountLoader
} from '@drift-labs/sdk';

// 1. Setup connection and wallet
const connection = new Connection('https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com');
const keypair = Keypair.fromSecretKey(/* your secret key */);
const wallet = new Wallet(keypair);

// 2. Initialize SDK
const sdkConfig = initialize({ env: 'mainnet-beta' as DriftEnv });

// 3. Create DriftClient
const driftClient = new DriftClient({
  connection,
  wallet,
  env: 'mainnet-beta',
  accountSubscription: {
    type: 'polling',
    accountLoader: new BulkAccountLoader(connection, 'confirmed', 1000),
  },
});

// 4. Subscribe to updates
await driftClient.subscribe();

// 5. Check if user account exists
const user = driftClient.getUser();
const userExists = await user.exists();

if (!userExists) {
  // Initialize user account (costs ~0.035 SOL rent)
  await driftClient.initializeUserAccount();
}

基本设置（Python）

import asyncio
from solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClient
from solders.keypair import Keypair
from driftpy.drift_client import DriftClient
from driftpy.account_subscription_config import AccountSubscriptionConfig
from anchorpy import Wallet

async def main():
    connection = AsyncClient("https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com")
    keypair = Keypair.from_bytes(secret_key_bytes)
    wallet = Wallet(keypair)

    drift_client = DriftClient(
        connection,
        wallet,
        "mainnet",
        account_subscription=AccountSubscriptionConfig("polling"),
    )

    await drift_client.subscribe()

    user = drift_client.get_user()
    if not await user.exists():
        await drift_client.initialize_user_account()

asyncio.run(main())

核心概念

1. 精度和 BN（BigNumber）

由于代币精度超出 JavaScript 浮点数的表示范围，Drift 使用 BN.js 表示所有数值。所有金额都是具有指定精度的整数。

主要精度常量：

常量	值	用途
QUOTE_PRECISION	10^6	USDC 金额
BASE_PRECISION	10^9	永续市场基础资产金额
PRICE_PRECISION	10^6	价格
SPOT_MARKET_BALANCE_PRECISION	10^9	现货代币余额
FUNDING_RATE_PRECISION	10^9	资金费率
MARGIN_PRECISION	10,000	保证金比率
PEG_PRECISION	10^6	AMM 锚定价格
AMM_RESERVE_PRECISION	10^9	AMM 储备金

转换辅助函数：

import { convertToNumber } from '@drift-labs/sdk';

// BN division returns floor - use helper for precise division
const result = convertToNumber(new BN(10500), new BN(1000)); // = 10.5

// Converting amounts
const perpAmount = driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(100);  // 100 base units
const spotAmount = driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(0, 100); // 100 USDC
const price = driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(21.23);    // $21.23

2. 市场类型

永续市场（MarketType.PERP）：

• 无到期日的衍生品
• 通过 baseAssetAmount 跟踪仓位
• 正数 = 多头，负数 = 空头

现货市场（MarketType.SPOT）：

• 实际代币存入/借入
• 通过 scaledBalance 跟踪仓位
• SpotBalanceType.DEPOSIT 或 SpotBalanceType.BORROW

常见市场索引：

• 0 - USDC（报价资产）
• 1 - SOL
• 市场索引各不相同，可查询 getPerpMarketAccounts() / getSpotMarketAccounts()

3. 订单类型

import { OrderType, PositionDirection, OrderTriggerCondition } from '@drift-labs/sdk';

// Available order types
OrderType.MARKET          // Immediate execution
OrderType.LIMIT           // Price-specific orders
OrderType.TRIGGER_MARKET  // Stop-loss/take-profit market
OrderType.TRIGGER_LIMIT   // Stop-loss/take-profit limit
OrderType.ORACLE          // Oracle-based pricing

// Position directions
PositionDirection.LONG    // Buy/bid
PositionDirection.SHORT   // Sell/ask

// Trigger conditions (for stop orders)
OrderTriggerCondition.ABOVE  // Trigger when price > threshold
OrderTriggerCondition.BELOW  // Trigger when price < threshold

4. 仅挂单参数

import { PostOnlyParams } from '@drift-labs/sdk';

PostOnlyParams.NONE           // No enforcement (can be taker)
PostOnlyParams.MUST_POST_ONLY // Fail if order would cross spread
PostOnlyParams.TRY_POST_ONLY  // Skip order if would cross spread
PostOnlyParams.SLIDE          // Adjust price to be post-only

交易操作

下达永续订单

// Market Order
await driftClient.placePerpOrder({
  orderType: OrderType.MARKET,
  marketIndex: 0,  // SOL-PERP
  direction: PositionDirection.LONG,
  baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1), // 1 SOL
});

// Limit Order
await driftClient.placePerpOrder({
  orderType: OrderType.LIMIT,
  marketIndex: 0,
  direction: PositionDirection.LONG,
  baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
  price: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(100), // $100
  postOnly: PostOnlyParams.MUST_POST_ONLY,
});

// Stop-Loss Order
await driftClient.placePerpOrder({
  orderType: OrderType.TRIGGER_MARKET,
  marketIndex: 0,
  direction: PositionDirection.SHORT, // Close long
  baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
  triggerPrice: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(90),
  triggerCondition: OrderTriggerCondition.BELOW,
  reduceOnly: true,
});

// Take-Profit Order
await driftClient.placePerpOrder({
  orderType: OrderType.TRIGGER_LIMIT,
  marketIndex: 0,
  direction: PositionDirection.SHORT, // Close long
  baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
  price: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(120),
  triggerPrice: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(120),
  triggerCondition: OrderTriggerCondition.ABOVE,
  reduceOnly: true,
});

// Oracle Order (price relative to oracle)
await driftClient.placePerpOrder({
  orderType: OrderType.ORACLE,
  marketIndex: 0,
  direction: PositionDirection.LONG,
  baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
  oraclePriceOffset: -100000, // $0.10 below oracle (PRICE_PRECISION)
  auctionDuration: 10,
  auctionStartPrice: new BN(-200000), // Start $0.20 below
  auctionEndPrice: new BN(-50000),    // End $0.05 below
});

下达现货订单

// Spot Market Order
await driftClient.placeSpotOrder({
  orderType: OrderType.MARKET,
  marketIndex: 1, // SOL
  direction: PositionDirection.LONG, // Buy
  baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(1, 1), // 1 SOL
});

// Spot Limit Order
await driftClient.placeSpotOrder({
  orderType: OrderType.LIMIT,
  marketIndex: 1,
  direction: PositionDirection.LONG,
  baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(1, 1),
  price: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(100),
});

多个订单

// Place multiple orders atomically
await driftClient.placeOrders([
  {
    orderType: OrderType.LIMIT,
    marketType: MarketType.PERP,
    marketIndex: 0,
    direction: PositionDirection.LONG,
    baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
    price: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(99),
  },
  {
    orderType: OrderType.LIMIT,
    marketType: MarketType.PERP,
    marketIndex: 0,
    direction: PositionDirection.SHORT,
    baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
    price: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(101),
  },
]);

订单管理

// Cancel by order ID
await driftClient.cancelOrder(orderId);

// Cancel by user order ID
await driftClient.cancelOrderByUserOrderId(userOrderId);

// Cancel all orders for a market
await driftClient.cancelOrders(MarketType.PERP, 0); // All SOL-PERP orders

// Cancel all orders
await driftClient.cancelOrders();

// Modify existing order
await driftClient.modifyOrder(orderId, {
  price: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(102),
});

// Cancel and place atomically
await driftClient.cancelAndPlaceOrders({
  cancelOrderParams: { orderId: existingOrderId },
  placeOrderParams: [{
    orderType: OrderType.LIMIT,
    marketType: MarketType.PERP,
    marketIndex: 0,
    direction: PositionDirection.LONG,
    baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
    price: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(100),
  }],
});

获取订单

// Get specific order
const order = driftClient.getOrder(orderId);

// Get order by user ID
const order = driftClient.getOrderByUserId(userOrderId);

// Get all open orders
const user = driftClient.getUser();
const openOrders = user.getOpenOrders();

存款和取款

存款

// Get associated token account
const associatedTokenAccount = await driftClient.getAssociatedTokenAccount(0); // USDC

// Deposit USDC
const amount = driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(0, 100); // 100 USDC
await driftClient.deposit(amount, 0, associatedTokenAccount);

// Deposit SOL
const solAccount = await driftClient.getAssociatedTokenAccount(1);
const solAmount = driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(1, 1); // 1 SOL
await driftClient.deposit(solAmount, 1, solAccount);

// Initialize user and deposit in one transaction
const [txSig, userPubkey] = await driftClient.initializeUserAccountAndDepositCollateral(
  driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(0, 100),
  await driftClient.getAssociatedTokenAccount(0),
  0, // market index
  0, // sub account ID
  'MyAccount', // name
);

取款

const associatedTokenAccount = await driftClient.getAssociatedTokenAccount(0);
const amount = driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(0, 50); // 50 USDC

// Withdraw (may create borrow if insufficient deposits)
await driftClient.withdraw(amount, 0, associatedTokenAccount);

// Withdraw with reduce-only (prevents creating borrow)
await driftClient.withdraw(amount, 0, associatedTokenAccount, undefined, true);

子账户之间的转账

// Transfer deposits
await driftClient.transferDeposit(
  driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(0, 100),
  0, // market index
  0, // from sub-account
  1, // to sub-account
);

// Transfer perp positions
await driftClient.transferPerpPosition({
  fromSubAccountId: 0,
  toSubAccountId: 1,
  marketIndex: 0,
  amount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
});

仓位管理

读取仓位

const user = driftClient.getUser();

// Perpetual Position
const perpPosition = user.getPerpPosition(0); // SOL-PERP
if (perpPosition) {
  const baseAmount = perpPosition.baseAssetAmount;
  const isLong = baseAmount.gt(new BN(0));
  const isShort = baseAmount.lt(new BN(0));
  console.log('Position size:', convertToNumber(baseAmount, BASE_PRECISION));
}

// All active perp positions
const activePerpPositions = user.getActivePerpPositions();

// Spot Position
const spotPosition = user.getSpotPosition(0); // USDC
const tokenAmount = user.getTokenAmount(0);
const isDeposit = tokenAmount.gt(new BN(0));
const isBorrow = tokenAmount.lt(new BN(0));

// All active spot positions
const activeSpotPositions = user.getActiveSpotPositions();

抵押品和保证金

const user = driftClient.getUser();

// Total collateral value
const totalCollateral = user.getTotalCollateral();

// Free collateral (available for new positions)
const freeCollateral = user.getFreeCollateral();

// Margin requirements
const initialMargin = user.getInitialMarginRequirement();
const maintenanceMargin = user.getMaintenanceMarginRequirement();

// Current leverage
const leverage = user.getLeverage();

// Account health (0-100, liquidation at 0)
const health = user.getHealth();

// Max leverage for a market
const maxLeverage = user.getMaxLeverageForPerp(0); // SOL-PERP

// Buying power
const buyingPower = user.getPerpBuyingPower(0);

盈亏计算

const user = driftClient.getUser();

// Unrealized PnL (all positions)
const unrealizedPnl = user.getUnrealizedPNL();

// Unrealized PnL with funding
const unrealizedPnlWithFunding = user.getUnrealizedPNL(true);

// PnL for specific market
const marketPnl = user.getUnrealizedPNL(false, 0);

// Unrealized funding PnL
const fundingPnl = user.getUnrealizedFundingPNL();

// Settle PnL
await driftClient.settlePNL(
  user.getUserAccountPublicKey(),
  user.getUserAccount(),
  0 // market index
);

清算价格

const user = driftClient.getUser();

// Get liquidation price for perp position
const liqPrice = user.liquidationPrice(0); // SOL-PERP

// Check if can be liquidated
const canBeLiquidated = user.canBeLiquidated();

市场数据

市场账户

// Perpetual market
const perpMarket = driftClient.getPerpMarketAccount(0);
console.log('Market index:', perpMarket.marketIndex);
console.log('AMM base reserves:', perpMarket.amm.baseAssetReserve.toString());

// All perp markets
const allPerpMarkets = driftClient.getPerpMarketAccounts();

// Spot market
const spotMarket = driftClient.getSpotMarketAccount(0);
console.log('Decimals:', spotMarket.decimals);

// All spot markets
const allSpotMarkets = driftClient.getSpotMarketAccounts();

预言机数据

// Get oracle price for perp market
const oracleData = driftClient.getOracleDataForPerpMarket(0);
const price = oracleData.price; // BN in PRICE_PRECISION

console.log('Oracle price:', convertToNumber(price, PRICE_PRECISION));

// Get oracle for spot market
const spotOracleData = driftClient.getOracleDataForSpotMarket(1);

根据 AMM 计算价格

import { calculateBidAskPrice } from '@drift-labs/sdk';

const perpMarket = driftClient.getPerpMarketAccount(0);
const oracleData = driftClient.getOracleDataForPerpMarket(0);

const [bidPrice, askPrice] = calculateBidAskPrice(
  perpMarket.amm,
  oracleData
);

事件

事件订阅器

import { EventSubscriber } from '@drift-labs/sdk';

const eventSubscriber = new EventSubscriber(connection, driftClient.program, {
  eventTypes: [
    'DepositRecord',
    'FundingPaymentRecord',
    'LiquidationRecord',
    'OrderRecord',
    'OrderActionRecord',
    'FundingRateRecord',
    'SettlePnlRecord',
    'LPRecord',
    'InsuranceFundRecord',
    'SpotInterestRecord',
  ],
  maxTx: 4096,
  maxEventsPerType: 4096,
  commitment: 'confirmed',
  logProviderConfig: { type: 'websocket' },
});

await eventSubscriber.subscribe();

// Listen for events
eventSubscriber.eventEmitter.on('newEvent', (event) => {
  console.log('Event type:', event.eventType);
  console.log('Event data:', event);
});

// Get events by type
const depositEvents = eventSubscriber.getEventsReceived()
  .filter(e => e.eventType === 'DepositRecord');

// Unsubscribe
await eventSubscriber.unsubscribe();

Jupiter 兑换

import { JupiterClient } from '@drift-labs/sdk';

// Initialize Jupiter client
const jupiterClient = new JupiterClient({ connection });

// Get quote preview
const quote = await jupiterClient.getQuote({
  inputMint: /* USDC mint */,
  outputMint: /* SOL mint */,
  amount: driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(0, 100),
  slippageBps: 50,
});

// Execute swap through Drift
const txSig = await driftClient.swap({
  jupiterClient,
  inMarketIndex: 0,   // USDC
  outMarketIndex: 1,  // SOL
  amount: driftClient.convertToSpotPrecision(0, 100),
  slippageBps: 50,
  onlyDirectRoutes: false,
});

子账户

// Create new sub-account
const [txSig, userPubkey] = await driftClient.initializeUserAccount(
  1, // sub-account ID
  'SubAccount1' // name
);

// Switch active sub-account
await driftClient.switchActiveUser(1);

// Get user for specific sub-account
const user = driftClient.getUser(1);

// Delete sub-account (must have no positions)
await driftClient.deleteUser(1);

// Update delegate (allow another key to trade)
await driftClient.updateUserDelegate(delegatePublicKey, 0);

高级：Swift Protocol（无订单交易）

Swift 支持在链下签署订单，无需 Solana 交易：

// Sign order message
const orderMessage = {
  marketIndex: 0,
  marketType: MarketType.PERP,
  direction: PositionDirection.LONG,
  baseAssetAmount: driftClient.convertToPerpPrecision(1),
  price: driftClient.convertToPricePrecision(100),
};

const signature = driftClient.signSignedMsgOrderParamsMessage(orderMessage);

// Submit to Swift server
await axios.post('https://swift.drift.trade/orders', {
  market_index: 0,
  message: signature.message,
  signature: signature.signature,
  taker_authority: wallet.publicKey.toString(),
});

高级：构建器代码（DBC）

适用于通过 Drift 路由交易以赚取费用的平台：

// Initialize as builder
await driftClient.initializeRevenueShare(builderAuthority);

// Initialize user's escrow
await driftClient.initializeRevenueShareEscrow(userAuthority, numOrders);

// Approve builder
await driftClient.changeApprovedBuilder(
  builderAuthority,
  maxFeeTenthBps, // max fee in tenth basis points
  true // add (false to remove)
);

错误处理

try {
  await driftClient.placePerpOrder(orderParams);
} catch (error) {
  if (error.message.includes('InsufficientCollateral')) {
    console.error('Not enough collateral for this trade');
  } else if (error.message.includes('MaxLeverageExceeded')) {
    console.error('Would exceed maximum leverage');
  } else if (error.message.includes('OrderWouldCrossMaker')) {
    console.error('Post-only order would cross spread');
  } else {
    throw error;
  }
}

资源

• Drift Protocol 文档
• SDK 文档
• TypeScript SDK
• Python SDK (DriftPy)
• Keeper Bot 示例

技能结构

drift-protocol/
├── SKILL.md                          # This file
├── resources/
│   ├── precision-constants.md        # All precision constants
│   ├── types-reference.md            # TypeScript types and enums
│   ├── drift-client-api.md           # DriftClient method reference
│   └── user-api.md                   # User class method reference
├── examples/
│   ├── basic-setup/                  # Client initialization
│   ├── orders/                       # Order placement examples
│   ├── deposits-withdrawals/         # Collateral management
│   ├── positions/                    # Position queries
│   ├── jupiter-swaps/                # Swap integration
│   ├── vaults/                       # Vault management
│   └── events/                       # Event subscription
├── docs/
│   ├── vaults.md                     # Vault documentation
│   ├── market-making.md              # Market making guide
│   └── troubleshooting.md            # Common issues
└── templates/
    └── trading-bot-template.ts       # Copy-paste starter