meshjs-cardano

meshjs-cardano

适用场景

• 使用 MeshJS（TypeScript/JavaScript）构建 Cardano dApp
• 集成 CIP-30 钱包连接器
• 在浏览器或 Node.js 中构建交易

操作规则（必须遵守）

• 确认 MeshJS 版本和环境（Next.js、Vite、Node）
• 绝不索取助记词或私钥
• 妥善处理钱包断开连接
• 在主网前先在预生产网测试

设置

安装

npm install @meshsdk/core @meshsdk/react
# or
yarn add @meshsdk/core @meshsdk/react

Provider 设置

import { BlockfrostProvider } from '@meshsdk/core';

const provider = new BlockfrostProvider('<PROJECT_ID>');
// or for preprod:
const provider = new BlockfrostProvider('<PROJECT_ID>', 'preprod');

钱包连接（React）

import { CardanoWallet, useWallet } from '@meshsdk/react';

function App() {
  const { connected, wallet } = useWallet();

  return (
    <div>
      <CardanoWallet />
      {connected && <p>Connected!</p>}
    </div>
  );
}

交易构建

简单的 ADA 转账

import { Transaction } from '@meshsdk/core';

const tx = new Transaction({ initiator: wallet })
  .sendLovelace(
    'addr_test1qz...',
    '5000000'  // 5 ADA
  );

const unsignedTx = await tx.build();
const signedTx = await wallet.signTx(unsignedTx);
const txHash = await wallet.submitTx(signedTx);

转账原生代币

const tx = new Transaction({ initiator: wallet })
  .sendAssets(
    'addr_test1qz...',
    [
      { unit: 'lovelace', quantity: '2000000' },
      { unit: '<policy_id><asset_name_hex>', quantity: '1' }
    ]
  );

添加元数据

const tx = new Transaction({ initiator: wallet })
  .sendLovelace('addr_test1qz...', '1000000')
  .setMetadata(674, { msg: ['Hello from MeshJS'] });

脚本交互

在脚本地址锁定资金

import { Data } from '@meshsdk/core';

const datum: Data = {
  alternative: 0,
  fields: [wallet.getPaymentAddress()]
};

const tx = new Transaction({ initiator: wallet })
  .sendLovelace(
    {
      address: scriptAddress,
      datum: { inline: datum }
    },
    '5000000'
  );

从脚本地址花费资金

const tx = new Transaction({ initiator: wallet })
  .redeemValue({
    value: scriptUtxo,
    script: plutusScript,
    datum: datum,
    redeemer: { data: { alternative: 0, fields: [] } }
  })
  .sendLovelace(recipientAddress, '4500000')
  .setCollateral([collateralUtxo]);

示例

示例：铸造 NFT

用户请求：“使用 MeshJS 铸造 NFT”

回复：

import { ForgeScript, Transaction } from '@meshsdk/core';

// Create minting script (time-locked)
const { pubKeyHash } = wallet.getPaymentAddress();
const forgingScript = ForgeScript.withOneSignature(pubKeyHash);

const assetMetadata = {
  name: 'My NFT',
  image: 'ipfs://...',
  mediaType: 'image/png'
};

const tx = new Transaction({ initiator: wallet })
  .mintAsset(
    forgingScript,
    {
      assetName: 'MyNFT',
      assetQuantity: '1',
      metadata: assetMetadata,
      label: '721',
      recipient: wallet.getPaymentAddress()
    }
  );

const unsignedTx = await tx.build();
const signedTx = await wallet.signTx(unsignedTx);
const txHash = await wallet.submitTx(signedTx);
console.log('Minted:', txHash);

示例：查询 UTxO

import { BlockfrostProvider } from '@meshsdk/core';

const provider = new BlockfrostProvider('<PROJECT_ID>');

// Get UTxOs for address
const utxos = await provider.fetchAddressUTxOs(address);

// Get UTxOs at script address
const scriptUtxos = await provider.fetchAddressUTxOs(scriptAddress);

// Filter by asset
const nftUtxos = utxos.filter(utxo =>
  utxo.output.amount.some(a => a.unit.includes(policyId))
);

常见模式

错误处理

try {
  const txHash = await wallet.submitTx(signedTx);
  console.log('Success:', txHash);
} catch (error) {
  if (error.message.includes('UTxO')) {
    console.log('UTxO issue - refresh and retry');
  } else if (error.message.includes('collateral')) {
    console.log('Need ADA-only UTxO for collateral');
  }
}

钱包状态管理

const { connected, connecting, disconnect, wallet, name } = useWallet();

// Check connection before operations
if (!connected) {
  throw new Error('Wallet not connected');
}

// Get network
const network = await wallet.getNetworkId();
// 0 = testnet, 1 = mainnet

安全 / 密钥处理

• 绝不索取助记词
• 验证 CIP-30 API 是否可用
• 妥善处理断开连接
• 签名前显示确认提示

参考资料

• shared/PRINCIPLES.md
• MeshJS 文档
• CIP-30 钱包 API