n8n-integration-testing-patterns

n8n 集成测试模式

<default_to_action> 测试 n8n 集成时：

1. 验证连接性和身份验证
2. 测试所有已配置的操作
3. 验证 API 响应处理
4. 检查速率限制行为
5. 确认错误处理正常工作

快速集成检查清单：

• 凭据有效且未过期
• API 权限足以执行相关操作
• 了解并遵守速率限制
• 正确处理错误响应
• 数据格式符合 API 要求

成功的关键因素：

• 在集成到工作流之前单独测试
• 验证 OAuth 令牌刷新功能
• 检查 API 版本兼容性
• 监控速率限制标头 </default_to_action>

快速参考卡

常见 n8n 集成

类别	服务	身份验证类型
通信	Slack、Teams、Discord	OAuth2、Webhook
数据存储	Google Sheets、Airtable	OAuth2、API Key
CRM	Salesforce、HubSpot	OAuth2
开发工具	GitHub、Jira、Linear	OAuth2、API Key
营销	Mailchimp、SendGrid	API Key

身份验证类型

类型	设置	刷新
OAuth2	用户授权流程	自动刷新令牌
API Key	手动输入密钥	手动轮换
Basic Auth	用户名/密码	无需刷新
Header Auth	自定义标头	手动轮换

---

连接性测试

// Test integration connectivity
async function testIntegrationConnectivity(nodeName: string): Promise<ConnectivityResult> {
  const node = await getNodeConfig(nodeName);

  // Check credential exists
  if (!node.credentials) {
    return { connected: false, error: 'No credentials configured' };
  }

  // Test based on integration type
  switch (getIntegrationType(node.type)) {
    case 'slack':
      return await testSlackConnectivity(node.credentials);
    case 'google-sheets':
      return await testGoogleSheetsConnectivity(node.credentials);
    case 'jira':
      return await testJiraConnectivity(node.credentials);
    case 'github':
      return await testGitHubConnectivity(node.credentials);
    default:
      return await testGenericAPIConnectivity(node);
  }
}

// Slack connectivity test
async function testSlackConnectivity(credentials: any): Promise<ConnectivityResult> {
  try {
    const response = await fetch('https://slack.com/api/auth.test', {
      headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${credentials.accessToken}` }
    });
    const data = await response.json();

    return {
      connected: data.ok,
      workspace: data.team,
      user: data.user,
      scopes: data.response_metadata?.scopes || []
    };
  } catch (error) {
    return { connected: false, error: error.message };
  }
}

// Google Sheets connectivity test
async function testGoogleSheetsConnectivity(credentials: any): Promise<ConnectivityResult> {
  try {
    const response = await fetch('https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/about?fields=user', {
      headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${credentials.accessToken}` }
    });

    if (response.status === 401) {
      // Try refresh
      const refreshed = await refreshOAuthToken(credentials);
      if (refreshed) {
        return testGoogleSheetsConnectivity({ ...credentials, accessToken: refreshed });
      }
      return { connected: false, error: 'Token expired, refresh failed' };
    }

    const data = await response.json();
    return { connected: true, user: data.user };
  } catch (error) {
    return { connected: false, error: error.message };
  }
}

---

API 操作测试

// Test integration operations
async function testIntegrationOperations(nodeName: string): Promise<OperationResult[]> {
  const node = await getNodeConfig(nodeName);
  const operations = getNodeOperations(node.type);
  const results: OperationResult[] = [];

  for (const operation of operations) {
    const testData = generateTestData(node.type, operation);

    try {
      const startTime = Date.now();
      const response = await executeOperation(node, operation, testData);

      results.push({
        operation,
        success: true,
        responseTime: Date.now() - startTime,
        responseStatus: response.status,
        dataValid: validateResponseData(response.data, operation)
      });
    } catch (error) {
      results.push({
        operation,
        success: false,
        error: error.message,
        errorType: classifyError(error)
      });
    }
  }

  return results;
}

// Generate test data for operations
function generateTestData(nodeType: string, operation: string): any {
  const testDataMap = {
    'slack': {
      'postMessage': {
        channel: 'C123456',
        text: 'Test message from n8n integration test'
      },
      'uploadFile': {
        channels: 'C123456',
        content: 'Test file content',
        filename: 'test.txt'
      }
    },
    'google-sheets': {
      'appendData': {
        spreadsheetId: 'test-spreadsheet-id',
        range: 'Sheet1!A:Z',
        values: [['Test', 'Data', new Date().toISOString()]]
      },
      'readRows': {
        spreadsheetId: 'test-spreadsheet-id',
        range: 'Sheet1!A1:Z10'
      }
    },
    'jira': {
      'createIssue': {
        project: 'TEST',
        issueType: 'Task',
        summary: 'Test issue from n8n',
        description: 'Created by integration test'
      },
      'updateIssue': {
        issueKey: 'TEST-1',
        fields: { summary: 'Updated by n8n test' }
      }
    }
  };

  return testDataMap[nodeType]?.[operation] || {};
}

---

身份验证测试

OAuth2 流程测试

// Test OAuth2 authentication
async function testOAuth2Authentication(credentials: any): Promise<OAuth2Result> {
  const result: OAuth2Result = {
    tokenValid: false,
    refreshWorking: false,
    scopes: [],
    expiresIn: 0
  };

  // Test current token
  const tokenTest = await testAccessToken(credentials.accessToken);
  result.tokenValid = tokenTest.valid;
  result.scopes = tokenTest.scopes;

  // Check expiration
  if (credentials.expiresAt) {
    result.expiresIn = new Date(credentials.expiresAt).getTime() - Date.now();
    result.expiresSoon = result.expiresIn < 3600000; // Less than 1 hour
  }

  // Test refresh token
  if (credentials.refreshToken) {
    try {
      const newToken = await refreshOAuthToken(credentials);
      result.refreshWorking = !!newToken;
    } catch (error) {
      result.refreshError = error.message;
    }
  }

  return result;
}

// Test required scopes
async function testRequiredScopes(credentials: any, requiredScopes: string[]): Promise<ScopeResult> {
  const currentScopes = await getTokenScopes(credentials.accessToken);
  const missingScopes = requiredScopes.filter(s => !currentScopes.includes(s));

  return {
    hasAllScopes: missingScopes.length === 0,
    currentScopes,
    missingScopes,
    recommendation: missingScopes.length > 0
      ? `Re-authorize with scopes: ${missingScopes.join(', ')}`
      : null
  };
}

API Key 测试

// Test API key validity
async function testAPIKey(integration: string, apiKey: string): Promise<APIKeyResult> {
  const endpoints = {
    'sendgrid': 'https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/user/profile',
    'mailchimp': 'https://us1.api.mailchimp.com/3.0/ping',
    'airtable': 'https://api.airtable.com/v0/meta/whoami'
  };

  const endpoint = endpoints[integration];
  if (!endpoint) {
    return { valid: false, error: 'Unknown integration' };
  }

  try {
    const response = await fetch(endpoint, {
      headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${apiKey}` }
    });

    return {
      valid: response.status === 200,
      status: response.status,
      rateLimit: extractRateLimitInfo(response.headers)
    };
  } catch (error) {
    return { valid: false, error: error.message };
  }
}

---

速率限制测试

// Test rate limit handling
async function testRateLimits(nodeName: string, requestCount: number): Promise<RateLimitResult> {
  const results: RequestResult[] = [];
  let rateLimitHit = false;
  let retryAfter = 0;

  for (let i = 0; i < requestCount; i++) {
    const startTime = Date.now();
    const response = await makeRequest(nodeName);

    results.push({
      requestNumber: i + 1,
      status: response.status,
      responseTime: Date.now() - startTime,
      rateLimitRemaining: response.headers['x-ratelimit-remaining'],
      rateLimitLimit: response.headers['x-ratelimit-limit']
    });

    if (response.status === 429) {
      rateLimitHit = true;
      retryAfter = parseInt(response.headers['retry-after'] || '60');
      break;
    }

    // Small delay between requests
    await sleep(100);
  }

  return {
    requestsMade: results.length,
    rateLimitHit,
    retryAfter,
    results,
    recommendation: rateLimitHit
      ? `Implement exponential backoff, retry after ${retryAfter}s`
      : 'Rate limit not reached, consider increasing request count for thorough testing'
  };
}

// Extract rate limit info from headers
function extractRateLimitInfo(headers: Headers): RateLimitInfo {
  return {
    limit: headers.get('x-ratelimit-limit'),
    remaining: headers.get('x-ratelimit-remaining'),
    reset: headers.get('x-ratelimit-reset'),
    retryAfter: headers.get('retry-after')
  };
}

---

错误处理测试

// Test error scenarios
async function testErrorScenarios(nodeName: string): Promise<ErrorTestResult[]> {
  const scenarios = [
    { name: 'Invalid credentials', modify: { credentials: null } },
    { name: 'Invalid endpoint', modify: { url: 'https://invalid.example.com' } },
    { name: 'Timeout', modify: { timeout: 1 } },
    { name: 'Invalid data', modify: { data: { invalid: true } } },
    { name: 'Not found', modify: { resourceId: 'nonexistent-123' } },
    { name: 'Permission denied', modify: { scope: 'read-only' } }
  ];

  const results: ErrorTestResult[] = [];

  for (const scenario of scenarios) {
    try {
      const response = await executeWithModification(nodeName, scenario.modify);

      results.push({
        scenario: scenario.name,
        errorHandled: response.status >= 400,
        errorCode: response.status,
        errorMessage: response.data?.error?.message,
        retried: response.metadata?.retryCount > 0
      });
    } catch (error) {
      results.push({
        scenario: scenario.name,
        errorHandled: true,
        exceptionThrown: true,
        errorType: error.constructor.name,
        errorMessage: error.message
      });
    }
  }

  return results;
}

// Classify error types
function classifyError(error: any): string {
  if (error.status === 401 || error.status === 403) return 'authentication';
  if (error.status === 404) return 'not-found';
  if (error.status === 429) return 'rate-limit';
  if (error.status >= 500) return 'server-error';
  if (error.code === 'ETIMEDOUT') return 'timeout';
  if (error.code === 'ECONNREFUSED') return 'connection';
  return 'unknown';
}

---

特定集成模式

Slack 集成

const slackTestPatterns = {
  // Test message posting
  testPostMessage: async (credentials) => {
    return await fetch('https://slack.com/api/chat.postMessage', {
      method: 'POST',
      headers: {
        'Authorization': `Bearer ${credentials.accessToken}`,
        'Content-Type': 'application/json'
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        channel: 'C123456',
        text: 'Integration test message'
      })
    });
  },

  // Test file upload
  testFileUpload: async (credentials) => {
    const formData = new FormData();
    formData.append('channels', 'C123456');
    formData.append('content', 'Test file content');
    formData.append('filename', 'test.txt');

    return await fetch('https://slack.com/api/files.upload', {
      method: 'POST',
      headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${credentials.accessToken}` },
      body: formData
    });
  },

  // Validate required scopes
  requiredScopes: ['chat:write', 'files:write', 'channels:read']
};

Google Sheets 集成

const googleSheetsTestPatterns = {
  // Test read operation
  testReadRows: async (credentials, spreadsheetId) => {
    return await fetch(
      `https://sheets.googleapis.com/v4/spreadsheets/${spreadsheetId}/values/Sheet1!A1:Z10`,
      { headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${credentials.accessToken}` } }
    );
  },

  // Test append operation
  testAppendRow: async (credentials, spreadsheetId, values) => {
    return await fetch(
      `https://sheets.googleapis.com/v4/spreadsheets/${spreadsheetId}/values/Sheet1!A:Z:append?valueInputOption=USER_ENTERED`,
      {
        method: 'POST',
        headers: {
          'Authorization': `Bearer ${credentials.accessToken}`,
          'Content-Type': 'application/json'
        },
        body: JSON.stringify({ values: [values] })
      }
    );
  },

  // Required scopes
  requiredScopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets']
};

---

测试报告模板

# Integration Test Report

## Summary
| Integration | Status | Auth | Operations | Errors |
|-------------|--------|------|------------|--------|
| Slack | PASS | OK | 4/4 | 0 |
| Google Sheets | WARN | Expiring | 3/3 | 0 |
| Jira | FAIL | OK | 2/4 | 2 |

## Authentication Status
- Slack: OAuth2 valid, expires in 28 days
- Google Sheets: OAuth2 expires in 2 hours - REFRESH RECOMMENDED
- Jira: API Key valid

## Rate Limit Status
| Integration | Limit | Used | Remaining |
|-------------|-------|------|-----------|
| Slack | 50/min | 12 | 38 |
| Google Sheets | 100/min | 45 | 55 |
| Jira | 100/min | 8 | 92 |

## Failed Operations
### Jira: Transition Issue
- Error: Invalid transition for current state
- Fix: Check workflow transitions in Jira

## Recommendations
1. Refresh Google Sheets OAuth token before expiration
2. Fix Jira workflow transition logic

---

相关技能

• n8n-workflow-testing-fundamentals
• n8n-security-testing
• api-testing-patterns

---

请记住

n8n 可与 400 多种服务集成，每种服务都有独特的身份验证方式、速率限制和 API 特性。测试需要：

• 验证连接性
• 验证身份验证（OAuth 刷新、API Key 过期）
• 使用真实数据测试操作
• 留意速率限制
• 验证错误处理

使用 Agent 时： 使用 n8n-integration-test 进行全面的集成测试。与 n8n-workflow-executor 协同，在实际场景中测试集成。