react-native-testing

React Native 测试技能

学习全面的测试策略，包括单元测试、组件测试和 E2E 测试。

前置条件

• React Native 基础知识
• 了解 async/await
• 熟悉测试概念

学习目标

完成此技能后，你将能够：

• 为 React Native 配置 Jest
• 使用 Testing Library 编写组件测试
• 模拟原生模块和 API
• 使用 Detox/Maestro 实施 E2E 测试
• 设置 CI/CD 测试流水线

---

涵盖主题

1. Jest 设置

// jest.config.js
module.exports = {
  preset: 'react-native',
  setupFilesAfterEnv: ['@testing-library/jest-native/extend-expect'],
  transformIgnorePatterns: [
    'node_modules/(?!(react-native|@react-native)/)',
  ],
};

2. 组件测试

import { render, screen, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react-native';
import { Button } from './Button';

describe('Button', () => {
  it('calls onPress when pressed', () => {
    const onPress = jest.fn();
    render(<Button title="Click" onPress={onPress} />);

    fireEvent.press(screen.getByText('Click'));

    expect(onPress).toHaveBeenCalled();
  });
});

3. Hook 测试

import { renderHook, act } from '@testing-library/react-native';
import { useCounter } from './useCounter';

describe('useCounter', () => {
  it('increments count', () => {
    const { result } = renderHook(() => useCounter());

    act(() => result.current.increment());

    expect(result.current.count).toBe(1);
  });
});

4. 模拟

// Mock native module
jest.mock('@react-native-async-storage/async-storage', () => ({
  setItem: jest.fn(),
  getItem: jest.fn(),
}));

// Mock API
jest.mock('./api', () => ({
  fetchUser: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ id: '1', name: 'Test' }),
}));

5. 使用 Detox 进行 E2E 测试

describe('Login', () => {
  beforeAll(async () => {
    await device.launchApp();
  });

  it('should login successfully', async () => {
    await element(by.id('email')).typeText('[email protected]');
    await element(by.id('password')).typeText('password');
    await element(by.id('login-btn')).tap();

    await expect(element(by.id('home'))).toBeVisible();
  });
});

---

快速入门示例

// ProductCard.test.tsx
import { render, screen, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react-native';
import { ProductCard } from './ProductCard';

const mockProduct = {
  id: '1',
  title: 'Test Product',
  price: 99.99,
};

describe('ProductCard', () => {
  it('renders product info', () => {
    render(<ProductCard {...mockProduct} onPress={jest.fn()} />);

    expect(screen.getByText('Test Product')).toBeOnTheScreen();
    expect(screen.getByText('$99.99')).toBeOnTheScreen();
  });

  it('handles press', () => {
    const onPress = jest.fn();
    render(<ProductCard {...mockProduct} onPress={onPress} />);

    fireEvent.press(screen.getByRole('button'));

    expect(onPress).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1');
  });
});

---

常见错误与解决方案

错误	原因	解决方案
"Cannot find module"	缺少模拟	添加 jest.mock()
异步超时	缺少 await	使用 waitFor()
未找到元素	查询错误	检查 testID/role

---

验证清单

• 单元测试通过
• 组件测试覆盖交互
• E2E 测试完成完整流程
• 覆盖率达到阈值（80%+）

---

使用方法

Skill("react-native-testing")

绑定的 Agent：06-react-native-testing