关于 test-writer
test-writer 是一项技能,用于为 JavaScript 概念文档中的代码示例编写 Vitest 测试。它通过示例分类、测试文件约定和源码行引用,帮助文档作者验证示例。
主要功能
- 01按可测试性分类示例
- 02生成 Vitest 断言
- 03将 DOM 测试单独存放
- 04涵盖异步与错误测试模式
- 05引用文档源码行
适用场景
- 01为新概念页面的示例编写测试
- 02代码示例更新后补充测试
- 03发布前检查文档示例
安装
复制下面的命令,在终端中运行。
$
npx skills add https:/ / github.com/ leonardomso/ 33-js-concepts --skill test-writer安装后在 Claude Code 中输入/test-writer确认已加载。
详细介绍
概念页面测试编写技能
使用此技能为概念文档页面中的所有代码示例编写全面的 Vitest 测试。测试用于验证文档中的代码示例是否准确,并能按描述正常运行。
使用时机
- 编写新的概念页面后
- 为现有页面添加新的代码示例时
- 更新现有代码示例时
- 通过自动化测试验证文档准确性时
- 发布前确保所有示例都能正常运行
测试编写方法
遵循以下四个阶段,为概念页面创建全面的测试。
阶段 1:提取代码示例
扫描概念页面中的所有代码示例,并进行分类:
| 类别 | 特征 | 操作 |
|---|---|---|
| 可测试 | 包含带输出注释的 console.log,或返回值 | 编写测试 |
| DOM 专用 | 使用 document、window、DOM API 或事件处理程序 | 编写 DOM 测试(单独的文件) |
| 错误示例 | 故意抛出错误,展示失败情况 | 编写使用 toThrow 的测试 |
| 概念性 | ASCII 图示、伪代码、不完整代码片段 | 跳过(说明原因) |
| 仅限浏览器 | 使用 jsdom 中不可用的浏览器 API | 跳过或模拟 |
阶段 2:确定测试文件结构
tests/
├── fundamentals/ # Concepts 1-6
├── functions-execution/ # Concepts 7-8
├── web-platform/ # Concepts 9-10
├── object-oriented/ # Concepts 11-15
├── functional-programming/ # Concepts 16-19
├── async-javascript/ # Concepts 20-22
├── advanced-topics/ # Concepts 23-31
└── beyond/ # Extended concepts
└── {subcategory}/
文件命名:
- 标准测试:
{concept-name}.test.js - DOM 测试:
{concept-name}.dom.test.js
阶段 3:将示例转换为测试
对于每个可测试的代码示例:
- 确定预期输出(依据
console.log注释或文档描述的行为) - 转换为
expect断言 - 在注释中添加源代码行引用
- 将相关测试分组到与文档章节对应的
describe块中
阶段 4:处理特殊情况
| 情况 | 解决方案 |
|---|---|
| 仅限浏览器的 API | 使用 jsdom 环境,或附注说明后跳过 |
| 依赖时间的代码 | 使用 vi.useFakeTimers(),或测试逻辑而非时间 |
| 副作用 | 捕获输出或测试变更 |
| 故意触发的错误 | 使用 expect(() => {...}).toThrow() |
| 异步代码 | 使用 async/await 并进行恰当断言 |
项目测试约定
导入模式
import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest'
对于 DOM 测试或需要模拟的测试:
import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest'
DOM 测试文件头部
/**
* @vitest-environment jsdom
*/
import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest'
Describe 块组织方式
与文档结构保持一致:
describe('Concept Name', () => {
describe('Section from Documentation', () => {
describe('Subsection if needed', () => {
it('should [specific behavior]', () => {
// Test
})
})
})
})
测试命名约定
- 以 “should” 开头
- 描述清晰且具体
- 与文档中描述的行为相符
// Good
it('should return "object" for typeof null', () => {})
it('should throw TypeError when accessing property of undefined', () => {})
it('should resolve promises in order they were created', () => {})
// Bad
it('test typeof', () => {})
it('works correctly', () => {})
it('null test', () => {})
源代码行引用
始终引用文档源文件:
// ============================================================
// SECTION NAME FROM DOCUMENTATION
// From {concept}.mdx lines XX-YY
// ============================================================
describe('Section Name', () => {
// From lines 45-52: Basic typeof examples
it('should return correct type strings', () => {
// Test
})
})
测试模式参考
模式 1:基本值断言
文档:
console.log(typeof "hello") // "string"
console.log(typeof 42) // "number"
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: typeof examples
it('should return correct type for primitives', () => {
expect(typeof "hello").toBe("string")
expect(typeof 42).toBe("number")
})
模式 2:多个相关断言
文档:
let a = "hello"
let b = "hello"
console.log(a === b) // true
let obj1 = { x: 1 }
let obj2 = { x: 1 }
console.log(obj1 === obj2) // false
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Primitive vs object comparison
it('should compare primitives by value', () => {
let a = "hello"
let b = "hello"
expect(a === b).toBe(true)
})
it('should compare objects by reference', () => {
let obj1 = { x: 1 }
let obj2 = { x: 1 }
expect(obj1 === obj2).toBe(false)
})
模式 3:函数返回值
文档:
function greet(name) {
return "Hello, " + name + "!"
}
console.log(greet("Alice")) // "Hello, Alice!"
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: greet function example
it('should return greeting with name', () => {
function greet(name) {
return "Hello, " + name + "!"
}
expect(greet("Alice")).toBe("Hello, Alice!")
})
模式 4:错误测试
文档:
// This throws an error!
const obj = null
console.log(obj.property) // TypeError: Cannot read property of null
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Accessing property of null
it('should throw TypeError when accessing property of null', () => {
const obj = null
expect(() => {
obj.property
}).toThrow(TypeError)
})
模式 5:特定错误消息
文档:
function divide(a, b) {
if (b === 0) throw new Error("Cannot divide by zero")
return a / b
}
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: divide function with error
it('should throw error when dividing by zero', () => {
function divide(a, b) {
if (b === 0) throw new Error("Cannot divide by zero")
return a / b
}
expect(() => divide(10, 0)).toThrow("Cannot divide by zero")
expect(divide(10, 2)).toBe(5)
})
模式 6:Async/Await 测试
文档:
async function fetchUser(id) {
const response = await fetch(`/api/users/${id}`)
return response.json()
}
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: async fetchUser function
it('should fetch user data asynchronously', async () => {
// Mock fetch for testing
global.fetch = vi.fn(() =>
Promise.resolve({
json: () => Promise.resolve({ id: 1, name: 'Alice' })
})
)
async function fetchUser(id) {
const response = await fetch(`/api/users/${id}`)
return response.json()
}
const user = await fetchUser(1)
expect(user).toEqual({ id: 1, name: 'Alice' })
})
模式 7:Promise 测试
文档:
const promise = new Promise((resolve) => {
resolve("done")
})
promise.then(result => console.log(result)) // "done"
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Basic Promise resolution
it('should resolve with correct value', async () => {
const promise = new Promise((resolve) => {
resolve("done")
})
await expect(promise).resolves.toBe("done")
})
模式 8:Promise 拒绝
文档:
const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
reject(new Error("Something went wrong"))
})
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Promise rejection
it('should reject with error', async () => {
const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
reject(new Error("Something went wrong"))
})
await expect(promise).rejects.toThrow("Something went wrong")
})
模式 9:浮点数比较
文档:
console.log(0.1 + 0.2) // 0.30000000000000004
console.log(0.1 + 0.2 === 0.3) // false
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Floating point precision
it('should demonstrate floating point imprecision', () => {
expect(0.1 + 0.2).not.toBe(0.3)
expect(0.1 + 0.2).toBeCloseTo(0.3)
expect(0.1 + 0.2 === 0.3).toBe(false)
})
模式 10:数组方法测试
文档:
const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
const doubled = numbers.map(n => n * 2)
console.log(doubled) // [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Array map example
it('should double all numbers in array', () => {
const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
const doubled = numbers.map(n => n * 2)
expect(doubled).toEqual([2, 4, 6, 8, 10])
expect(numbers).toEqual([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) // Original unchanged
})
模式 11:对象变更测试
文档:
const obj = { a: 1 }
obj.b = 2
console.log(obj) // { a: 1, b: 2 }
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Object mutation
it('should allow adding properties to objects', () => {
const obj = { a: 1 }
obj.b = 2
expect(obj).toEqual({ a: 1, b: 2 })
})
模式 12:闭包测试
文档:
function counter() {
let count = 0
return function() {
count++
return count
}
}
const increment = counter()
console.log(increment()) // 1
console.log(increment()) // 2
console.log(increment()) // 3
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Closure counter example
it('should maintain state across calls via closure', () => {
function counter() {
let count = 0
return function() {
count++
return count
}
}
const increment = counter()
expect(increment()).toBe(1)
expect(increment()).toBe(2)
expect(increment()).toBe(3)
})
it('should create independent counters', () => {
function counter() {
let count = 0
return function() {
count++
return count
}
}
const counter1 = counter()
const counter2 = counter()
expect(counter1()).toBe(1)
expect(counter1()).toBe(2)
expect(counter2()).toBe(1) // Independent
})
模式 13:DOM 事件测试
文档:
const button = document.getElementById('myButton')
button.addEventListener('click', function(event) {
console.log('Button clicked!')
console.log(event.type) // "click"
})
测试(位于 .dom.test.js 文件中):
/**
* @vitest-environment jsdom
*/
import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest'
describe('DOM Event Handlers', () => {
let button
beforeEach(() => {
button = document.createElement('button')
button.id = 'myButton'
document.body.appendChild(button)
})
afterEach(() => {
document.body.innerHTML = ''
})
// From lines XX-YY: Button click event
it('should fire click event handler', () => {
const output = []
button.addEventListener('click', function(event) {
output.push('Button clicked!')
output.push(event.type)
})
button.click()
expect(output).toEqual(['Button clicked!', 'click'])
})
})
模式 14:DOM 操作测试
文档:
const div = document.createElement('div')
div.textContent = 'Hello'
div.classList.add('greeting')
document.body.appendChild(div)
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Creating and appending elements
it('should create element with text and class', () => {
const div = document.createElement('div')
div.textContent = 'Hello'
div.classList.add('greeting')
document.body.appendChild(div)
const element = document.querySelector('.greeting')
expect(element).not.toBeNull()
expect(element.textContent).toBe('Hello')
expect(element.classList.contains('greeting')).toBe(true)
})
模式 15:计时器测试
文档:
console.log('First')
setTimeout(() => console.log('Second'), 0)
console.log('Third')
// Output: First, Third, Second
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: setTimeout execution order
it('should execute setTimeout callback after synchronous code', async () => {
const output = []
output.push('First')
setTimeout(() => output.push('Second'), 0)
output.push('Third')
// Wait for setTimeout to execute
await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 10))
expect(output).toEqual(['First', 'Third', 'Second'])
})
模式 16:严格模式行为
文档:
// In strict mode, this throws
"use strict"
x = 10 // ReferenceError: x is not defined
测试:
// From lines XX-YY: Strict mode variable declaration
it('should throw ReferenceError in strict mode for undeclared variables', () => {
// Vitest runs in strict mode by default
expect(() => {
// Using eval to test strict mode behavior
"use strict"
eval('undeclaredVar = 10')
}).toThrow()
})
完整测试文件模板
import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest'
describe('[Concept Name]', () => {
// ============================================================
// [FIRST SECTION NAME FROM DOCUMENTATION]
// From [concept].mdx lines XX-YY
// ============================================================
describe('[First Section]', () => {
// From lines XX-YY: [Brief description of example]
it('should [expected behavior]', () => {
// Code from documentation
expect(result).toBe(expected)
})
// From lines XX-YY: [Brief description of next example]
it('should [another expected behavior]', () => {
// Code from documentation
expect(result).toEqual(expected)
})
})
// ============================================================
// [SECOND SECTION NAME FROM DOCUMENTATION]
// From [concept].mdx lines XX-YY
// ============================================================
describe('[Second Section]', () => {
// From lines XX-YY: [Description]
it('should [behavior]', () => {
// Test
})
})
// ============================================================
// EDGE CASES AND COMMON MISTAKES
// From [concept].mdx lines XX-YY
// ============================================================
describe('Edge Cases', () => {
// From lines XX-YY: [Edge case description]
it('should handle [edge case]', () => {
// Test
})
})
describe('Common Mistakes', () => {
// From lines XX-YY: Wrong way example
it('should demonstrate the incorrect behavior', () => {
// Test showing why the "wrong" way fails
})
// From lines XX-YY: Correct way example
it('should demonstrate the correct behavior', () => {
// Test showing the right approach
})
})
})
完整 DOM 测试文件模板
/**
* @vitest-environment jsdom
*/
import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from 'vitest'
// ============================================================
// DOM EXAMPLES FROM [CONCEPT NAME]
// From [concept].mdx lines XX-YY
// ============================================================
describe('[Concept Name] - DOM', () => {
// Shared setup
let container
beforeEach(() => {
// Create a fresh container for each test
container = document.createElement('div')
container.id = 'test-container'
document.body.appendChild(container)
})
afterEach(() => {
// Clean up after each test
document.body.innerHTML = ''
vi.restoreAllMocks()
})
// ============================================================
// [SECTION NAME]
// From lines XX-YY
// ============================================================
describe('[Section Name]', () => {
// From lines XX-YY: [Example description]
it('should [expected DOM behavior]', () => {
// Setup
const element = document.createElement('div')
container.appendChild(element)
// Action
element.textContent = 'Hello'
// Assert
expect(element.textContent).toBe('Hello')
})
})
// ============================================================
// EVENT HANDLING
// From lines XX-YY
// ============================================================
describe('Event Handling', () => {
// From lines XX-YY: Click event example
it('should handle click events', () => {
const button = document.createElement('button')
container.appendChild(button)
let clicked = false
button.addEventListener('click', () => {
clicked = true
})
button.click()
expect(clicked).toBe(true)
})
})
})
运行测试
# Run all tests
npm test
# Run tests for specific concept
npm test -- tests/fundamentals/primitive-types/
# Run tests for specific file
npm test -- tests/fundamentals/primitive-types/primitive-types.test.js
# Run DOM tests only
npm test -- tests/fundamentals/primitive-types/primitive-types.dom.test.js
# Run with watch mode
npm run test:watch
# Run with coverage
npm run test:coverage
# Run with verbose output
npm test -- --reporter=verbose
质量检查清单
完整性
- 所有可测试的代码示例都有对应的测试
- 按文档章节组织测试
- 在注释中包含源代码行引用(From lines XX-YY)
- DOM 测试放在单独的
.dom.test.js文件中 - 测试边界情况和错误示例
正确性
- 测试验证文档中实际描述的行为
- 文档中的输出注释与测试预期一致
- 异步测试正确使用 async/await
- 错误测试使用正确的
toThrow模式 - 浮点数比较使用
toBeCloseTo - 对象比较使用
toEqual(而非toBe)
规范
- 使用来自 vitest 的显式导入
- 遵循 describe/it 嵌套模式
- 测试名称以 "should" 开头
- 使用正确的文件命名(
{concept}.test.js) - DOM 测试包含 jsdom 环境指令
验证
- 所有测试均通过:
npm test -- tests/{category}/{concept}/ - 没有无已记录理由的跳过测试
- 没有误报(因错误原因而通过的测试)
测试报告模板
使用此模板记录某个概念页面的测试覆盖情况。
# Test Coverage Report: [Concept Name]
**Concept Page:** `/docs/concepts/[slug].mdx`
**Test File:** `/tests/{category}/{concept}/{concept}.test.js`
**DOM Test File:** `/tests/{category}/{concept}/{concept}.dom.test.js` (if applicable)
**Date:** YYYY-MM-DD
**Author:** [Name/Claude]
## Summary
| Metric | Count |
|--------|-------|
| Total Code Examples in Doc | XX |
| Testable Examples | XX |
| Tests Written | XX |
| DOM Tests Written | XX |
| Skipped (with reason) | XX |
## Tests by Section
| Section | Line Range | Examples | Tests | Status |
|---------|------------|----------|-------|--------|
| [Section 1] | XX-YY | X | X | ✅ |
| [Section 2] | XX-YY | X | X | ✅ |
| [Section 3] | XX-YY | X | X | ⚠️ (1 skipped) |
## Skipped Examples
| Line | Example Description | Reason |
|------|---------------------|--------|
| XX | ASCII diagram of call stack | Conceptual, not executable |
| YY | Browser fetch example | Requires network, mocked instead |
## Test Execution
```bash
npm test -- tests/{category}/{concept}/
结果: ✅ XX 项通过 | ❌ X 项失败 | ⏭️ X 项跳过
备注
[任何特殊注意事项、模拟要求或遇到的问题]
---
## Common Issues and Solutions
### Issue: Test passes but shouldn't
**Problem:** Test expectations don't match documentation output
**Solution:** Double-check the expected value matches the `console.log` comment exactly
```javascript
// Documentation says: console.log(result) // [1, 2, 3]
// Make sure test uses:
expect(result).toEqual([1, 2, 3]) // NOT toBe for arrays
问题:异步测试超时
问题: 异步测试始终无法完成
解决方案: 确保等待所有 Promise,并将函数标记为异步
// Bad
it('should fetch data', () => {
const data = fetchData() // Missing await!
expect(data).toBeDefined()
})
// Good
it('should fetch data', async () => {
const data = await fetchData()
expect(data).toBeDefined()
})
问题:DOM 测试因“document is not defined”失败
问题: 缺少 jsdom 环境
解决方案: 在文件顶部添加环境指令
/**
* @vitest-environment jsdom
*/
问题:测试隔离问题
问题: 测试之间相互影响
解决方案: 使用 beforeEach/afterEach 进行清理
afterEach(() => {
document.body.innerHTML = ''
vi.restoreAllMocks()
})
总结
为概念页面编写测试时:
- 提取所有代码示例,即文档中的所有示例
- 分类为可测试、DOM、错误或概念类
- 创建测试文件,放在正确位置并使用正确命名
- 将每个示例转换为测试,并采用适当的模式
- 在注释中引用源代码行,以便追溯
- 运行测试,确认全部通过
- 使用报告模板记录覆盖情况
请记住: 测试有两个用途:
- 验证文档是否准确
- 在代码示例更新时发现回归问题
文档中每个可测试的代码示例都应有对应的测试。如果某个示例无法测试,请说明原因。
评论
支持 Markdown