transform-maps

ServiceNow 转换映射

转换映射用于控制如何将导入集中的数据映射并转换到 ServiceNow 表中。

导入架构

Data Source (CSV, LDAP, JDBC, REST)
        ↓
    Import Set Table (staging)
        ↓
    Transform Map (mapping rules)
        ↓
    Target Table (final destination)

主要组件

组件	表	用途
数据源	sys_data_source	连接配置
导入集表	sys_db_object	暂存表
导入集	sys_import_set	导入运行记录
转换映射	sys_transform_map	映射定义
字段映射	sys_transform_entry	字段映射

数据源

CSV 数据源（ES5）

// Create CSV data source
var ds = new GlideRecord("sys_data_source")
ds.initialize()
ds.setValue("name", "Employee Import - CSV")
ds.setValue("type", "File")
ds.setValue("format", "CSV")

// File settings
ds.setValue("file_path", "/import/employees.csv")
ds.setValue("header_row", 1)

// CSV parsing
ds.setValue("csv_delimiter", ",")
ds.setValue("csv_quote", '"')

// Import set table
ds.setValue("import_set_table", "u_employee_import")

ds.insert()

JDBC 数据源（ES5）

// Create JDBC data source
var ds = new GlideRecord("sys_data_source")
ds.initialize()
ds.setValue("name", "HR System - JDBC")
ds.setValue("type", "JDBC")

// Connection
ds.setValue("connection_url", "jdbc:oracle:thin:@hrdb:1521:HRPROD")
ds.setValue("username", "hr_readonly")
ds.setValue("password", "encrypted_password")

// Query
ds.setValue("query", "SELECT emp_id, first_name, last_name, email, dept_code FROM employees WHERE active = 1")

// Import set table
ds.setValue("import_set_table", "u_hr_employee_import")

ds.insert()

REST 数据源（ES5）

// Create REST data source
var ds = new GlideRecord("sys_data_source")
ds.initialize()
ds.setValue("name", "External API - REST")
ds.setValue("type", "REST (IntegrationHub)")

// REST message
ds.setValue("rest_message", restMessageSysId)
ds.setValue("http_method", "GET")

// Response handling
ds.setValue("json_path", "$.data.employees[*]")

// Import set table
ds.setValue("import_set_table", "u_api_employee_import")

ds.insert()

导入集表

创建导入集表（ES5）

// Create staging table for employee import
var table = new GlideRecord("sys_db_object")
table.initialize()
table.setValue("name", "u_employee_import")
table.setValue("label", "Employee Import")
table.setValue("super_class", "sys_import_set_row") // Extends import set row
table.setValue("is_extendable", false)
table.insert()

// Add columns matching source data
var columns = [
  { name: "u_employee_id", type: "string", max_length: 50 },
  { name: "u_first_name", type: "string", max_length: 100 },
  { name: "u_last_name", type: "string", max_length: 100 },
  { name: "u_email", type: "string", max_length: 255 },
  { name: "u_department", type: "string", max_length: 100 },
  { name: "u_manager_id", type: "string", max_length: 50 },
  { name: "u_start_date", type: "string", max_length: 20 },
]

for (var i = 0; i < columns.length; i++) {
  var col = new GlideRecord("sys_dictionary")
  col.initialize()
  col.setValue("name", "u_employee_import")
  col.setValue("element", columns[i].name)
  col.setValue("internal_type", columns[i].type)
  col.setValue("max_length", columns[i].max_length)
  col.insert()
}

转换映射

创建转换映射（ES5）

// Create transform map
var tm = new GlideRecord("sys_transform_map")
tm.initialize()
tm.setValue("name", "Employee Import Transform")
tm.setValue("source_table", "u_employee_import")
tm.setValue("target_table", "sys_user")

// Run order (for multiple transforms)
tm.setValue("order", 100)

// Active
tm.setValue("active", true)

// Copy empty fields
tm.setValue("copy_empty_fields", false)

// Enforce mandatory fields
tm.setValue("enforce_mandatory_fields", true)

var tmSysId = tm.insert()

字段映射

直接字段映射（ES5）

// Map source fields to target fields
function addFieldMap(transformMapId, sourceField, targetField, config) {
  var fm = new GlideRecord("sys_transform_entry")
  fm.initialize()
  fm.setValue("map", transformMapId)
  fm.setValue("source_field", sourceField)
  fm.setValue("target_field", targetField)

  // Coalesce (match existing records)
  if (config && config.coalesce) {
    fm.setValue("coalesce", true)
  }

  // Order
  fm.setValue("order", config ? config.order : 100)

  return fm.insert()
}

// Map employee fields
addFieldMap(tmSysId, "u_employee_id", "employee_number", { coalesce: true, order: 10 })
addFieldMap(tmSysId, "u_first_name", "first_name", { order: 20 })
addFieldMap(tmSysId, "u_last_name", "last_name", { order: 30 })
addFieldMap(tmSysId, "u_email", "email", { order: 40 })

引用字段映射（ES5）

// Map to reference field (lookup by value)
var deptMap = new GlideRecord("sys_transform_entry")
deptMap.initialize()
deptMap.setValue("map", tmSysId)
deptMap.setValue("source_field", "u_department")
deptMap.setValue("target_field", "department")

// Reference handling
deptMap.setValue("reference_key", true)
deptMap.setValue("reference_key_field", "name") // Lookup by department name

// Create if not found
deptMap.setValue("create_also", false)

deptMap.insert()

脚本字段映射（ES5）

// Script-based field transformation
var scriptMap = new GlideRecord("sys_transform_entry")
scriptMap.initialize()
scriptMap.setValue("map", tmSysId)
scriptMap.setValue("target_field", "name")
scriptMap.setValue(
  "source_script",
  "// Combine first and last name\n" + 'answer = source.u_first_name + " " + source.u_last_name;',
)
scriptMap.insert()

// Date transformation script
var dateMap = new GlideRecord("sys_transform_entry")
dateMap.initialize()
dateMap.setValue("map", tmSysId)
dateMap.setValue("target_field", "u_start_date")
dateMap.setValue(
  "source_script",
  "// Convert MM/DD/YYYY to ServiceNow date format\n" +
    'var parts = source.u_start_date.split("/");\n' +
    "if (parts.length === 3) {\n" +
    '    answer = parts[2] + "-" + parts[0] + "-" + parts[1];\n' +
    "} else {\n" +
    '    answer = "";\n' +
    "}",
)
dateMap.insert()

合并（更新与插入）

合并配置

// Coalesce on employee_number to update existing records
var coalesceMap = new GlideRecord("sys_transform_entry")
coalesceMap.initialize()
coalesceMap.setValue("map", tmSysId)
coalesceMap.setValue("source_field", "u_employee_id")
coalesceMap.setValue("target_field", "employee_number")
coalesceMap.setValue("coalesce", true) // KEY: Use for matching
coalesceMap.setValue("order", 1) // Process first
coalesceMap.insert()

// Multiple coalesce fields (compound key)
// First field with coalesce=true, second with coalesce=true
// Both must match for update

转换脚本

onBefore 脚本（ES5）

// Transform Map > onBefore script
// Runs before each row is processed

;(function runTransformScript(source, map, log, target) {
  // Skip inactive employees
  if (source.u_status === "INACTIVE") {
    ignore = true // Skip this row
    return
  }

  // Validate required fields
  if (!source.u_employee_id || !source.u_email) {
    log.error("Missing required fields for row: " + source.sys_id)
    ignore = true
    return
  }

  // Normalize email
  source.u_email = source.u_email.toString().toLowerCase()
})(source, map, log, target)

onAfter 脚本（ES5）

// Transform Map > onAfter script
// Runs after each row is processed

;(function runTransformScript(source, map, log, target) {
  // Add user to appropriate group based on department
  if (target && action !== "ignore") {
    var dept = target.department.getDisplayValue()
    var groupName = ""

    if (dept === "IT") {
      groupName = "IT Staff"
    } else if (dept === "HR") {
      groupName = "HR Team"
    }

    if (groupName) {
      addUserToGroup(target.sys_id, groupName)
    }
  }

  function addUserToGroup(userId, groupName) {
    var group = new GlideRecord("sys_user_group")
    group.addQuery("name", groupName)
    group.query()

    if (group.next()) {
      var member = new GlideRecord("sys_user_grmember")
      member.addQuery("user", userId)
      member.addQuery("group", group.getUniqueValue())
      member.query()

      if (!member.next()) {
        member.initialize()
        member.setValue("user", userId)
        member.setValue("group", group.getUniqueValue())
        member.insert()
      }
    }
  }
})(source, map, log, target)

onComplete 脚本（ES5）

// Transform Map > onComplete script
// Runs after all rows are processed

;(function runTransformScript(source, map, log, target) {
  // Log import statistics
  var importSet = new GlideRecord("sys_import_set")
  if (importSet.get(source.sys_import_set)) {
    var stats = {
      total: importSet.getValue("rows"),
      inserted: importSet.getValue("insertions"),
      updated: importSet.getValue("updates"),
      errors: importSet.getValue("errors"),
    }

    log.info("Import completed: " + JSON.stringify(stats))

    // Send notification if errors
    if (stats.errors > 0) {
      gs.eventQueue("import.errors", importSet, stats.errors.toString())
    }
  }
})(source, map, log, target)

运行导入

手动执行导入（ES5）

// Execute import programmatically
var loader = new GlideImportSetLoader(dataSourceSysId)
var importSetSysId = loader.loadImportSet()

if (importSetSysId) {
  // Run transform
  var transformer = new GlideImportSetTransformer()
  transformer.setImportSetID(importSetSysId)
  transformer.transform()

  // Check results
  var importSet = new GlideRecord("sys_import_set")
  if (importSet.get(importSetSysId)) {
    gs.info("Import completed: " + importSet.getValue("state"))
    gs.info("Rows: " + importSet.getValue("rows"))
    gs.info("Errors: " + importSet.getValue("errors"))
  }
}

MCP 工具集成

可用的导入工具

工具	用途
snow_create_transform_map	创建转换映射
snow_create_field_map	添加字段映射
snow_create_import_set	创建导入集
snow_discover_data_sources	查找数据源
snow_test_integration	测试连接

示例工作流

// 1. Create import set table, then add one column per field
await snow_create_table({
  name: "u_vendor_import",
  label: "Vendor Import",
  extends_table: "sys_import_set_row",
})

await snow_create_field({ table: "u_vendor_import", column_name: "u_vendor_id", internal_type: "string" })
await snow_create_field({ table: "u_vendor_import", column_name: "u_vendor_name", internal_type: "string" })
await snow_create_field({ table: "u_vendor_import", column_name: "u_contact_email", internal_type: "string" })

// 2. Create transform map
var transformId = await snow_create_transform_map({
  name: "Vendor Import",
  source_table: "u_vendor_import",
  target_table: "core_company",
})

// 3. Add field mappings
await snow_create_field_map({
  transform_map: transformId,
  source: "u_vendor_id",
  target: "vendor_code",
  coalesce: true,
})

await snow_create_field_map({
  transform_map: transformId,
  source: "u_vendor_name",
  target: "name",
})

// 4. Stage rows into the import set table, then run the transform
var importResult = await snow_create_import_set({
  table: "u_vendor_import",
  data: [
    { u_vendor_id: "V001", u_vendor_name: "Acme Corp", u_contact_email: "[email protected]" },
  ],
})

await snow_execute_transform({
  import_set_sys_id: importResult.import_set,
  transform_map_sys_id: transformId,
})

最佳实践

1. 暂存表 - 始终使用导入集表
2. 合并键 - 定义明确的匹配条件
3. 验证数据 - 使用 onBefore 脚本
4. 错误处理 - 记录并处理失败
5. 增量导入 - 跟踪上次导入日期
6. 测试 - 先使用小型数据集进行测试
7. 回滚计划 - 确保能够撤销导入
8. 计划调度 - 使用计划数据源